{"title":"富钨浅层地下水的赋存与下伏热液活动和深层地热流体中硫钨酸盐的形成有关","authors":"Qinghai Guo, Junbiao Qian, Hao Luo, Li Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.122996","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tungsten (W) geochemistry in natural aquatic systems has garnered significant scientific interest in recent years. While non-mineralized shallow groundwaters typically exhibit low W concentrations, the coexistence of both elevated (over 500 μg/L) and depleted (<1 μg/L) W levels in shallow groundwaters within the non-mining Tianyang basin (China) presents a compelling case for investigating novel mechanisms of natural W enrichment. High-W shallow groundwaters—both thermal and nonthermal—are spatially clustered above deep boreholes-discovered Archaean geothermal fluids with exceptional W concentrations (up to 614.1 μg/L). Hydrogeochemical analyses reveal that these high-W Quaternary groundwaters (also enriched in Cl, Si, B, F, Li, Rb, and Cs), in line with our predictions, originate from Archaean geothermal fluids through processes including adiabatic cooling, conductive heat loss, mixing with infiltrating meteoric waters at shallow depths, or hybrid ones. The W enrichment in Archaean geothermal fluids arises primarily from two synergistic mechanisms: (1) extensive leaching of W-rich Archaean reservoir rocks, and (2) sulfide-driven conversion of aqueous tungstate to thiotungstates, which circumvents solubility limitations imposed by common W-bearing minerals (e.g., wolframite). Specifically, thiotungstates formation in sulfidic geothermal fluids inhibits W sequestration into mineral phases, sustaining anomalously high dissolved W concentrations. This study provides the definitive evidence linking thiotungstate speciation in deep geothermal fluids to W enrichment in shallow groundwaters, advancing our understanding of W geochemistry in interfaces between geothermal and non-thermal aquifers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9847,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Geology","volume":"694 ","pages":"Article 122996"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Occurrence of tungsten-rich shallow groundwaters linked to underlying hydrothermal activities and thiotungstates formation in deep geothermal fluids\",\"authors\":\"Qinghai Guo, Junbiao Qian, Hao Luo, Li Luo\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.122996\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>Tungsten (W) geochemistry in natural aquatic systems has garnered significant scientific interest in recent years. While non-mineralized shallow groundwaters typically exhibit low W concentrations, the coexistence of both elevated (over 500 μg/L) and depleted (<1 μg/L) W levels in shallow groundwaters within the non-mining Tianyang basin (China) presents a compelling case for investigating novel mechanisms of natural W enrichment. High-W shallow groundwaters—both thermal and nonthermal—are spatially clustered above deep boreholes-discovered Archaean geothermal fluids with exceptional W concentrations (up to 614.1 μg/L). Hydrogeochemical analyses reveal that these high-W Quaternary groundwaters (also enriched in Cl, Si, B, F, Li, Rb, and Cs), in line with our predictions, originate from Archaean geothermal fluids through processes including adiabatic cooling, conductive heat loss, mixing with infiltrating meteoric waters at shallow depths, or hybrid ones. The W enrichment in Archaean geothermal fluids arises primarily from two synergistic mechanisms: (1) extensive leaching of W-rich Archaean reservoir rocks, and (2) sulfide-driven conversion of aqueous tungstate to thiotungstates, which circumvents solubility limitations imposed by common W-bearing minerals (e.g., wolframite). Specifically, thiotungstates formation in sulfidic geothermal fluids inhibits W sequestration into mineral phases, sustaining anomalously high dissolved W concentrations. This study provides the definitive evidence linking thiotungstate speciation in deep geothermal fluids to W enrichment in shallow groundwaters, advancing our understanding of W geochemistry in interfaces between geothermal and non-thermal aquifers.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":9847,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Chemical Geology\",\"volume\":\"694 \",\"pages\":\"Article 122996\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-08-07\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Chemical Geology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"89\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009254125003869\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"地球科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Chemical Geology","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009254125003869","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Occurrence of tungsten-rich shallow groundwaters linked to underlying hydrothermal activities and thiotungstates formation in deep geothermal fluids
Tungsten (W) geochemistry in natural aquatic systems has garnered significant scientific interest in recent years. While non-mineralized shallow groundwaters typically exhibit low W concentrations, the coexistence of both elevated (over 500 μg/L) and depleted (<1 μg/L) W levels in shallow groundwaters within the non-mining Tianyang basin (China) presents a compelling case for investigating novel mechanisms of natural W enrichment. High-W shallow groundwaters—both thermal and nonthermal—are spatially clustered above deep boreholes-discovered Archaean geothermal fluids with exceptional W concentrations (up to 614.1 μg/L). Hydrogeochemical analyses reveal that these high-W Quaternary groundwaters (also enriched in Cl, Si, B, F, Li, Rb, and Cs), in line with our predictions, originate from Archaean geothermal fluids through processes including adiabatic cooling, conductive heat loss, mixing with infiltrating meteoric waters at shallow depths, or hybrid ones. The W enrichment in Archaean geothermal fluids arises primarily from two synergistic mechanisms: (1) extensive leaching of W-rich Archaean reservoir rocks, and (2) sulfide-driven conversion of aqueous tungstate to thiotungstates, which circumvents solubility limitations imposed by common W-bearing minerals (e.g., wolframite). Specifically, thiotungstates formation in sulfidic geothermal fluids inhibits W sequestration into mineral phases, sustaining anomalously high dissolved W concentrations. This study provides the definitive evidence linking thiotungstate speciation in deep geothermal fluids to W enrichment in shallow groundwaters, advancing our understanding of W geochemistry in interfaces between geothermal and non-thermal aquifers.
期刊介绍:
Chemical Geology is an international journal that publishes original research papers on isotopic and elemental geochemistry, geochronology and cosmochemistry.
The Journal focuses on chemical processes in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary petrology, low- and high-temperature aqueous solutions, biogeochemistry, the environment and cosmochemistry.
Papers that are field, experimentally, or computationally based are appropriate if they are of broad international interest. The Journal generally does not publish papers that are primarily of regional or local interest, or which are primarily focused on remediation and applied geochemistry.
The Journal also welcomes innovative papers dealing with significant analytical advances that are of wide interest in the community and extend significantly beyond the scope of what would be included in the methods section of a standard research paper.