Roshan Kumar Singh, Seema Prajapati, Indra Mohan Nigam, Ran Zhao* and Tarun Gupta*,
{"title":"印度农田农业部门的颗粒物和气体排放以及由排放的初级PM2.5引起的健康负担","authors":"Roshan Kumar Singh, Seema Prajapati, Indra Mohan Nigam, Ran Zhao* and Tarun Gupta*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsestair.5c00107","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p >The agricultural sector significantly contributes to atmospheric pollution, impacting air quality through activities such as tillage, planting, fertilizer application, harvesting, crop residue burning, and grain handling. The outcome of this work is the documentation of the emission inventory of particulates (PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub>) and gaseous emissions (SO<sub>2</sub>, CO, NO<sub><i>x</i></sub>, NH<sub>3</sub>, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)) from the agricultural industry, particularly crop production. Further, the emissions of elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are part of particulate matter (PM), were calculated along with greenhouse gases (CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O) coming from the agricultural sector for 2021, with projections for 2051. Total greenhouse gas emissions in 2021 were 408 Tg, while PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions were approximately 2.5 and 1.1 Tg, respectively. The health impact of primary agricultural PM<sub>2.5</sub> was quantified, revealing an estimated approximately 4 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and 0.13 million deaths attributable to these emissions in 2021. The findings highlight the urgent need to reduce emissions at their source and ensure sustainable agricultural practices. This study provides critical data for policymakers to address air quality and health challenges. Furthermore, the developed emission inventory will serve as a valuable resource for researchers conducting air quality modeling and environmental impact assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":100014,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T Air","volume":"2 8","pages":"1656–1667"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Particulates and Gaseous Emission from the Indian Cropland Agricultural Sector and Health Burden Attributable to Emitted Primary PM2.5\",\"authors\":\"Roshan Kumar Singh, Seema Prajapati, Indra Mohan Nigam, Ran Zhao* and Tarun Gupta*, \",\"doi\":\"10.1021/acsestair.5c00107\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p >The agricultural sector significantly contributes to atmospheric pollution, impacting air quality through activities such as tillage, planting, fertilizer application, harvesting, crop residue burning, and grain handling. The outcome of this work is the documentation of the emission inventory of particulates (PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub>) and gaseous emissions (SO<sub>2</sub>, CO, NO<sub><i>x</i></sub>, NH<sub>3</sub>, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)) from the agricultural industry, particularly crop production. Further, the emissions of elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are part of particulate matter (PM), were calculated along with greenhouse gases (CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O) coming from the agricultural sector for 2021, with projections for 2051. Total greenhouse gas emissions in 2021 were 408 Tg, while PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions were approximately 2.5 and 1.1 Tg, respectively. The health impact of primary agricultural PM<sub>2.5</sub> was quantified, revealing an estimated approximately 4 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and 0.13 million deaths attributable to these emissions in 2021. The findings highlight the urgent need to reduce emissions at their source and ensure sustainable agricultural practices. This study provides critical data for policymakers to address air quality and health challenges. Furthermore, the developed emission inventory will serve as a valuable resource for researchers conducting air quality modeling and environmental impact assessments.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":100014,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"ACS ES&T Air\",\"volume\":\"2 8\",\"pages\":\"1656–1667\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-07-25\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"ACS ES&T Air\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsestair.5c00107\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"ACS ES&T Air","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsestair.5c00107","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Particulates and Gaseous Emission from the Indian Cropland Agricultural Sector and Health Burden Attributable to Emitted Primary PM2.5
The agricultural sector significantly contributes to atmospheric pollution, impacting air quality through activities such as tillage, planting, fertilizer application, harvesting, crop residue burning, and grain handling. The outcome of this work is the documentation of the emission inventory of particulates (PM10 and PM2.5) and gaseous emissions (SO2, CO, NOx, NH3, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)) from the agricultural industry, particularly crop production. Further, the emissions of elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are part of particulate matter (PM), were calculated along with greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, and N2O) coming from the agricultural sector for 2021, with projections for 2051. Total greenhouse gas emissions in 2021 were 408 Tg, while PM10 and PM2.5 emissions were approximately 2.5 and 1.1 Tg, respectively. The health impact of primary agricultural PM2.5 was quantified, revealing an estimated approximately 4 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and 0.13 million deaths attributable to these emissions in 2021. The findings highlight the urgent need to reduce emissions at their source and ensure sustainable agricultural practices. This study provides critical data for policymakers to address air quality and health challenges. Furthermore, the developed emission inventory will serve as a valuable resource for researchers conducting air quality modeling and environmental impact assessments.