印度农田农业部门的颗粒物和气体排放以及由排放的初级PM2.5引起的健康负担

Roshan Kumar Singh, Seema Prajapati, Indra Mohan Nigam, Ran Zhao* and Tarun Gupta*, 
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引用次数: 0

摘要

农业部门在很大程度上造成了大气污染,通过耕作、种植、施肥、收获、作物秸秆焚烧和粮食处理等活动影响空气质量。这项工作的结果是记录了来自农业,特别是作物生产的颗粒物(PM10和PM2.5)和气体排放(SO2、CO、NOx、NH3和挥发性有机化合物(VOCs))的排放清单。此外,还计算了2021年的元素碳(EC)、有机碳(OC)和多环芳烃(PAHs)的排放量,以及来自农业部门的温室气体(CO2、CH4和N2O)的排放量,并预测了2051年的排放量。2021年温室气体排放总量为408 Tg, PM10和PM2.5排放量分别约为2.5和1.1 Tg。对初级农业PM2.5的健康影响进行了量化,结果显示,到2021年,这些排放造成的残疾调整生命年(DALYs)估计约为400万,死亡人数约为13万。研究结果强调,迫切需要从源头上减少排放,并确保可持续的农业实践。这项研究为政策制定者应对空气质量和健康挑战提供了关键数据。此外,开发的排放清单将为研究人员进行空气质量模拟和环境影响评估提供宝贵的资源。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Particulates and Gaseous Emission from the Indian Cropland Agricultural Sector and Health Burden Attributable to Emitted Primary PM2.5

Particulates and Gaseous Emission from the Indian Cropland Agricultural Sector and Health Burden Attributable to Emitted Primary PM2.5

The agricultural sector significantly contributes to atmospheric pollution, impacting air quality through activities such as tillage, planting, fertilizer application, harvesting, crop residue burning, and grain handling. The outcome of this work is the documentation of the emission inventory of particulates (PM10 and PM2.5) and gaseous emissions (SO2, CO, NOx, NH3, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)) from the agricultural industry, particularly crop production. Further, the emissions of elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are part of particulate matter (PM), were calculated along with greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, and N2O) coming from the agricultural sector for 2021, with projections for 2051. Total greenhouse gas emissions in 2021 were 408 Tg, while PM10 and PM2.5 emissions were approximately 2.5 and 1.1 Tg, respectively. The health impact of primary agricultural PM2.5 was quantified, revealing an estimated approximately 4 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and 0.13 million deaths attributable to these emissions in 2021. The findings highlight the urgent need to reduce emissions at their source and ensure sustainable agricultural practices. This study provides critical data for policymakers to address air quality and health challenges. Furthermore, the developed emission inventory will serve as a valuable resource for researchers conducting air quality modeling and environmental impact assessments.

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