Ania Mikos, Nataliya Fartdinova, Alexander Seifert, Nathalie Giroud, Florian Riese
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引用次数: 0
摘要
目的：本研究的目的是确定瑞士养老院居民视力和/或听力障碍的患病率，并调查其与认知障碍的关系。方法：样本包括2010年至2019年在瑞士715家养老院之一接受长期护理的65-105岁（平均= 84.0,SD = 7.2） （N = 132,880）。来自居民评估工具瑞士版本2.0最小数据集的项目评估了听力障碍（HI），视力障碍（VI）和双重感觉障碍（DSI， HI和VI）的发生情况。在控制医学和人口因素的情况下，我们进行了逻辑回归分析，以检查每种感觉障碍与认知障碍的关联。结果：感觉功能障碍占57.28% (HI 19.16%, VI 15.13%, DSI 22.99%)，认知功能障碍占57.29%。DSI患者发生认知障碍的可能性最大(患病率比（PR） 1.58；95%置信区间（CI） 1.56 ~ 1.60)，其次是HI (PR 1.35；95% CI 1.33-1.37)和VI (PR 1.18；95% ci 1.16-1.20)。DSI对认知障碍的平均边际效应超过HI和VI的效应总和。分层模型显示，男性、年轻和较高的医疗合并症与DSI中认知障碍的可能性增加有关。结论：感觉障碍在新入住老人中普遍存在。虽然HI和VI与认知障碍独立相关，但当它们作为双重感觉障碍共同出现时，就会出现交互负担。
Association of hearing and vision impairment with cognitive impairment in nursing home residents in Switzerland.
Purpose: The objectives of this study were to ascertain the prevalence of vision and/or hearing impairment and investigate their association with cognitive impairment in nursing home residents in Switzerland.
Methods: The sample comprised individuals aged 65-105 (mean = 84.0 and SD = 7.2) newly admitted for long-term care in one of 715 Swiss nursing homes from 2010 to 2019 (N = 132,880). Items from the Minimum Data Set of the Resident Assessment Instrument Swiss Version 2.0 assessed occurrence of hearing impairment (HI), vision impairment (VI), and dual sensory impairment (DSI, both HI and VI). We conducted logistic regression analyses to examine associations of each sensory impairment to cognitive impairment, controlling for medical and demographic factors.
Results: Sensory impairment was present in 57.28% of residents (HI 19.16%, VI 15.13%, and DSI: 22.99%) and cognitive impairment in 57.29%. The likelihood of cognitive impairment was greatest for DSI (prevalence ratio (PR) 1.58; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.56-1.60), followed by HI (PR 1.35; 95% CI 1.33-1.37) and VI (PR 1.18; 95% CI 1.16-1.20). The average marginal effect for DSI on cognitive impairment exceeded the sum of effects for HI and VI. Stratified models revealed that male sex, younger age, and higher medical comorbidity were associated with increased likelihood of cognitive impairment in DSI.
Conclusion: Sensory impairments are prevalent among newly admitted nursing home residents. While HI and VI are independently associated with cognitive impairment, an interactive burden emerges when they co-occur as dual sensory impairment.
期刊介绍：
The European Journal of Ageing: Social, Behavioural and Health Perspectives is an interdisciplinary journal devoted to the understanding of ageing in European societies and the world over.
EJA publishes original articles on the social, behavioral and population health aspects of ageing and encourages an integrated approach between these aspects.
Emphasis is put on publishing empirical research (including meta-analyses), but conceptual papers (including narrative reviews) and methodological contributions will also be considered.
EJA welcomes expert opinions on critical issues in ageing.
By stimulating communication between researchers and those using research findings, it aims to contribute to the formulation of better policies and the development of better practice in serving older adults.
To further specify, with the term ''social'' is meant the full scope of social science of ageing related research from the micro to the macro level of analysis. With the term ''behavioural'' the full scope of psychological ageing research including life span approaches based on a range of age groups from young to old is envisaged. The term ''population health-related'' denotes social-epidemiological and public health oriented research including research on functional health in the widest possible sense.
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