Velia Malizia, Salvatore Fasola, Giovanna Cilluffo, Laura Montalbano, Anna Bonomolo, Mauro Biondo, Stefania La Grutta
{"title":"[学校的绿色与健康：气候项目中巴勒莫（意大利南部）的案例研究]。","authors":"Velia Malizia, Salvatore Fasola, Giovanna Cilluffo, Laura Montalbano, Anna Bonomolo, Mauro Biondo, Stefania La Grutta","doi":"10.19191/EP25.2-3.S1.058","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>green areas are often present in the space surrounding primary schools, where they are usually used as playing/recreation or sport areas. Regular maintenance of such areas may help reduce the risk of allergic reactions and asthma exacerbations in children.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>to evaluate the effects on the respiratory and allergic health of children in a primary school in the city of Palermo (Sicily Region, Southern Italy) following a maintenance intervention in the adjacent green area.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>non-randomized, controlled, longitudinal intervention study.</p><p><strong>Setting and participants: </strong>all the children attending the third, fourth, and fifth grades (7-11 years) of the Orestano school institute (No. 211) were invited to participate in the study.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>on 14.03.2022, the children completed a questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics and the presence of symptoms/exposure to secondhand smoke in the last 7 days. On 21.03.2022, maintenance was carried out on the green area adjacent to the San Ciro building, but not the Conte Federico building. On 08.04.2022, the children filled out the questionnaire again. The pre-post variation in symptom prevalence was compared between the two buildings using logistic regression models with mixed effects, adjusted for sex, age, and exposure to secondhand smoke, with time-building interaction effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>the study was completed by 132 children (50% San Ciro). Statistically significant increases in the prevalence of nasal and general symptoms were observed in San Ciro, while also ocular and respiratory symptoms increased in Conte Federico. Exposure to secondhand smoke was associated with a greater risk of skin (OR: 2.38), nasal (OR: 2.1), respiratory (OR: 5.47), and general (OR: 3.07) symptoms. The pre-post increase in the prevalence of ocular and respiratory symptoms was significantly greater in the Conte Federico building.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>these preliminary results show that regular green area maintenance, with weed removal and pruning scheduling, can help reduce respiratory and allergy symptoms in primary school children.</p>","PeriodicalId":50511,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologia & Prevenzione","volume":"49 2-3","pages":"70-76"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"[Greenness and health at school: the case study in Palermo (Southern Italy) within the Climactions project].\",\"authors\":\"Velia Malizia, Salvatore Fasola, Giovanna Cilluffo, Laura Montalbano, Anna Bonomolo, Mauro Biondo, Stefania La Grutta\",\"doi\":\"10.19191/EP25.2-3.S1.058\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>green areas are often present in the space surrounding primary schools, where they are usually used as playing/recreation or sport areas. Regular maintenance of such areas may help reduce the risk of allergic reactions and asthma exacerbations in children.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>to evaluate the effects on the respiratory and allergic health of children in a primary school in the city of Palermo (Sicily Region, Southern Italy) following a maintenance intervention in the adjacent green area.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>non-randomized, controlled, longitudinal intervention study.</p><p><strong>Setting and participants: </strong>all the children attending the third, fourth, and fifth grades (7-11 years) of the Orestano school institute (No. 211) were invited to participate in the study.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>on 14.03.2022, the children completed a questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics and the presence of symptoms/exposure to secondhand smoke in the last 7 days. On 21.03.2022, maintenance was carried out on the green area adjacent to the San Ciro building, but not the Conte Federico building. On 08.04.2022, the children filled out the questionnaire again. The pre-post variation in symptom prevalence was compared between the two buildings using logistic regression models with mixed effects, adjusted for sex, age, and exposure to secondhand smoke, with time-building interaction effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>the study was completed by 132 children (50% San Ciro). Statistically significant increases in the prevalence of nasal and general symptoms were observed in San Ciro, while also ocular and respiratory symptoms increased in Conte Federico. Exposure to secondhand smoke was associated with a greater risk of skin (OR: 2.38), nasal (OR: 2.1), respiratory (OR: 5.47), and general (OR: 3.07) symptoms. The pre-post increase in the prevalence of ocular and respiratory symptoms was significantly greater in the Conte Federico building.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>these preliminary results show that regular green area maintenance, with weed removal and pruning scheduling, can help reduce respiratory and allergy symptoms in primary school children.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":50511,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Epidemiologia & Prevenzione\",\"volume\":\"49 2-3\",\"pages\":\"70-76\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-03-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Epidemiologia & Prevenzione\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.19191/EP25.2-3.S1.058\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Epidemiologia & Prevenzione","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.19191/EP25.2-3.S1.058","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH","Score":null,"Total":0}
[Greenness and health at school: the case study in Palermo (Southern Italy) within the Climactions project].
Background: green areas are often present in the space surrounding primary schools, where they are usually used as playing/recreation or sport areas. Regular maintenance of such areas may help reduce the risk of allergic reactions and asthma exacerbations in children.
Objectives: to evaluate the effects on the respiratory and allergic health of children in a primary school in the city of Palermo (Sicily Region, Southern Italy) following a maintenance intervention in the adjacent green area.
Setting and participants: all the children attending the third, fourth, and fifth grades (7-11 years) of the Orestano school institute (No. 211) were invited to participate in the study.
Main outcome measures: on 14.03.2022, the children completed a questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics and the presence of symptoms/exposure to secondhand smoke in the last 7 days. On 21.03.2022, maintenance was carried out on the green area adjacent to the San Ciro building, but not the Conte Federico building. On 08.04.2022, the children filled out the questionnaire again. The pre-post variation in symptom prevalence was compared between the two buildings using logistic regression models with mixed effects, adjusted for sex, age, and exposure to secondhand smoke, with time-building interaction effects.
Results: the study was completed by 132 children (50% San Ciro). Statistically significant increases in the prevalence of nasal and general symptoms were observed in San Ciro, while also ocular and respiratory symptoms increased in Conte Federico. Exposure to secondhand smoke was associated with a greater risk of skin (OR: 2.38), nasal (OR: 2.1), respiratory (OR: 5.47), and general (OR: 3.07) symptoms. The pre-post increase in the prevalence of ocular and respiratory symptoms was significantly greater in the Conte Federico building.
Conclusions: these preliminary results show that regular green area maintenance, with weed removal and pruning scheduling, can help reduce respiratory and allergy symptoms in primary school children.
期刊介绍：
Epidemiologia & Prevenzione, oggi organo della Associazione italiana di epidemiologia, raccoglie buona parte delle migliori e originali esperienze italiane di ricerca epidemiologica e di studio degli interventi per la prevenzione e la sanità pubblica.
La rivista – indicizzata su Medline e dotata di Impact Factor – è un canale importante anche per la segnalazione al pubblico internazionale di contributi che altrimenti circolerebbero soltanto in Italia.
E&P in questi decenni ha svolto una funzione di riferimento per la sanità pubblica ma anche per i cittadini e le loro diverse forme di aggregazione. Il principio che l’ha ispirata era, e rimane, che l’epidemiologia ha senso se è funzionale alla prevenzione e alla sanità pubblica e che la prevenzione ha ben poche possibilità di realizzarsi se non si fonda su valide basi scientifiche e se non c’è la partecipazione di tutti i soggetti interessati.
Modalità di comunicazione aggiornate, metodologia statistica ed epidemiologica rigorosa, validità degli studi e solidità delle interpretazioni dei risultati sono la solida matrice su cui E&P è costruita. A questa si accompagna una forte responsabilità etica verso la salute pubblica, che oggi ha ampliato in forma irreversibile il suo orizzonte, e include in forma sempre più consapevole non solo gli esseri umani, ma l’intero pianeta e le modificazioni che l’uomo apporta all’universo in cui vive.
L’ambizione è che l’offerta di nuovi strumenti di comunicazione, informazione e formazione, soprattutto attraverso l''uso di internet, renda la rivista non solo un tradizionale veicolo di contenuti e analisi scientifiche, ma anche un potente strumento a disposizione di una comunità di interessi e di valori che ha a cuore la salute pubblica.
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