Laura Gochicoa-Rangel, David Martínez-Briseño, Cole Bowerman, Sanja Stanojevic, Luciano Enrique Busi, Santiago C Arce, Mónica Gutiérrez-Clavería, Carlos E Rodríguez-Martínez, Carlos Aguirre-Franco, Ana Moya-Olivares, Vanessa Vernaza-Alcedo, Nilda Luz Palma Chambilla, Nelson Villca-Alá, Rosario Fernández-Plata, Rogelio Pérez-Padilla, Carlos Guzmán-Valderrábano, Marie Solange-Caussade, Luis Torre-Bouscoulet
{"title":"拉丁美洲不同海拔地区的肺活量测定：全球肺功能倡议项目。","authors":"Laura Gochicoa-Rangel, David Martínez-Briseño, Cole Bowerman, Sanja Stanojevic, Luciano Enrique Busi, Santiago C Arce, Mónica Gutiérrez-Clavería, Carlos E Rodríguez-Martínez, Carlos Aguirre-Franco, Ana Moya-Olivares, Vanessa Vernaza-Alcedo, Nilda Luz Palma Chambilla, Nelson Villca-Alá, Rosario Fernández-Plata, Rogelio Pérez-Padilla, Carlos Guzmán-Valderrábano, Marie Solange-Caussade, Luis Torre-Bouscoulet","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00060-2024","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Approximately 20% of people in Latin America live more than 2500 m above sea level. In this ethnically and socioeconomically diverse population, it is challenging to differentiate the effects of altitude from population differences in lung function. The aim of the present study was to quantify the contribution of altitude on the variability in lung function measured by spirometry in Latin America.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from healthy individuals living in nine cities across Latin America (from sea level to >2500 m above sea level) were collated. <i>Z</i>-scores for forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV<sub>1</sub>), forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC were calculated using available reference equations. Mixed-effects linear regression models were used to quantify the variance in spirometry explained by altitude. The percentage of individuals that were below the lower limit of normal (fifth percentile) were summarised.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total 4480 subjects (3-94 years) were included. Average FEV<sub>1</sub> and FVC <i>z</i>-scores differed between the altitude groups, whereas FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC did not. After adjusting for sex, height and age, altitude explained up to ∼18% of the variability in lung function measured by spirometry.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For people living at altitude, existing approaches to interpreting spirometry measures may misclassify individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12320107/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Spirometry at different Latin American altitudes: a Global Lung Function Initiative project.\",\"authors\":\"Laura Gochicoa-Rangel, David Martínez-Briseño, Cole Bowerman, Sanja Stanojevic, Luciano Enrique Busi, Santiago C Arce, Mónica Gutiérrez-Clavería, Carlos E Rodríguez-Martínez, Carlos Aguirre-Franco, Ana Moya-Olivares, Vanessa Vernaza-Alcedo, Nilda Luz Palma Chambilla, Nelson Villca-Alá, Rosario Fernández-Plata, Rogelio Pérez-Padilla, Carlos Guzmán-Valderrábano, Marie Solange-Caussade, Luis Torre-Bouscoulet\",\"doi\":\"10.1183/23120541.00060-2024\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Approximately 20% of people in Latin America live more than 2500 m above sea level. In this ethnically and socioeconomically diverse population, it is challenging to differentiate the effects of altitude from population differences in lung function. The aim of the present study was to quantify the contribution of altitude on the variability in lung function measured by spirometry in Latin America.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from healthy individuals living in nine cities across Latin America (from sea level to >2500 m above sea level) were collated. <i>Z</i>-scores for forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV<sub>1</sub>), forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC were calculated using available reference equations. Mixed-effects linear regression models were used to quantify the variance in spirometry explained by altitude. The percentage of individuals that were below the lower limit of normal (fifth percentile) were summarised.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total 4480 subjects (3-94 years) were included. Average FEV<sub>1</sub> and FVC <i>z</i>-scores differed between the altitude groups, whereas FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC did not. After adjusting for sex, height and age, altitude explained up to ∼18% of the variability in lung function measured by spirometry.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For people living at altitude, existing approaches to interpreting spirometry measures may misclassify individuals.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":11739,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"ERJ Open Research\",\"volume\":\"11 4\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-08-04\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12320107/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"ERJ Open Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00060-2024\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/7/1 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"eCollection\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"RESPIRATORY SYSTEM\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"ERJ Open Research","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00060-2024","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/7/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"RESPIRATORY SYSTEM","Score":null,"Total":0}
Spirometry at different Latin American altitudes: a Global Lung Function Initiative project.
Aim: Approximately 20% of people in Latin America live more than 2500 m above sea level. In this ethnically and socioeconomically diverse population, it is challenging to differentiate the effects of altitude from population differences in lung function. The aim of the present study was to quantify the contribution of altitude on the variability in lung function measured by spirometry in Latin America.
Methods: Data from healthy individuals living in nine cities across Latin America (from sea level to >2500 m above sea level) were collated. Z-scores for forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1/FVC were calculated using available reference equations. Mixed-effects linear regression models were used to quantify the variance in spirometry explained by altitude. The percentage of individuals that were below the lower limit of normal (fifth percentile) were summarised.
Results: A total 4480 subjects (3-94 years) were included. Average FEV1 and FVC z-scores differed between the altitude groups, whereas FEV1/FVC did not. After adjusting for sex, height and age, altitude explained up to ∼18% of the variability in lung function measured by spirometry.
Conclusion: For people living at altitude, existing approaches to interpreting spirometry measures may misclassify individuals.
期刊介绍：
ERJ Open Research is a fully open access original research journal, published online by the European Respiratory Society. The journal aims to publish high-quality work in all fields of respiratory science and medicine, covering basic science, clinical translational science and clinical medicine. The journal was created to help fulfil the ERS objective to disseminate scientific and educational material to its members and to the medical community, but also to provide researchers with an affordable open access specialty journal in which to publish their work.
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