Attitudes and knowledge of the adult population on arboviral diseases.

Background: Climate change and globalization have heightened the risk of vector-borne diseases (VBDs) in Europe, including Italy. VBDs cause over 1 billion cases and 1 million deaths annually, accounting for 17% of all communicable diseases worldwide. With competent vectors present, effective control measures and surveillance are vital. This study assessed adults' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding Arbovirus infections.

Methods: An 11-question survey targeting individuals aged 18 and over at the LHU Roma 1 vaccination clinic evaluated knowledge and experiences with Arbovirus diseases. Data were coded and analyzed.

Results: Of 308 participants, 58.1% were female, 63.65% had no children, and 84.1% held a degree or higher. Tick-Borne Encephalitis (TBE) was the most recognized disease (65.9%), followed by Zika (52.3%), while West Nile virus risk in Italy was underestimated (20%). Dengue awareness was high (91.6%), but Usutu awareness was low (47.4%). Vaccination was supported by 93.8%, with the 41-50 age group most willing to vaccinate children. Overall, knowledge of Arbovirus diseases was limited.

Conclusions: Public awareness of VBDs and preventive measures must improve to support effective risk prevention strategies. Education campaigns are essential to address gaps in knowledge and promote informed decision-making.