Analysis of gastric electrical rhythm in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Diabetic gastrointestinal autonomic neuropathy (DGAN) often affects the patients' quality of life. Thus, research on influencing factors of DGAN may promote DGAN prevention and decrease the incidence rate. This study used electrogastrogram (EGG) to assess the relationship between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and DGAN.

Aim: To analyze the changes of EGG in patients with MASLD and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to elucidate whether ultrasound-diagnosed MASLD is an independent risk factor for diabetic gastric motility disorders (DGMD).

Methods: A total of 272 patients with T2DM hospitalized at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from December 2020 to December 2021 and the Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from November 2023 to June 2024 were included in the cross-sectional study. General information, clinical data, and medical history of all study subjects, including name, age, gender, body mass index, and duration of diabetes were collected. Laboratory tests included biochemical parameters, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting C-peptide, 2h postprandial C-peptide and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]. EGG, fundus examination and carotid artery ultrasonography were performed and results were recorded. According to the results of EGG, the subjects were divided into the DGMD group and non-DGMD group.

Results: The duration of diabetes, fasting blood glucose (FBG), HbA1c, 25(OH)D and the prevalence of MASLD were significantly higher in the DGMD group (P < 0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the duration, FBG, 25(OH)D and the presence of MASLD were independent influencing factors.

Conclusion: MASLD is strongly associated with an increased incidence of DGMD. Timely treatment of MASLD is effective to prevent diabetic gastroparesis.