Eveline van der Steeg, Adriana Humanes, John C Bythell, Jamie R Craggs, Alasdair J Edwards, Yimnang Golbuu, Liam Lachs, Margaret W Miller, Janna L Randle, James R Guest
{"title":"放牧阻吓剂可提高外植幼珊瑚的存活率。","authors":"Eveline van der Steeg, Adriana Humanes, John C Bythell, Jamie R Craggs, Alasdair J Edwards, Yimnang Golbuu, Liam Lachs, Margaret W Miller, Janna L Randle, James R Guest","doi":"10.1007/s00338-025-02703-z","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High mortality of juvenile corals hinder both the natural recovery of populations and the successful implementation of restoration efforts. Grazing is a significant cause of juvenile coral mortality, and grazer exclusion devices have been shown to increase juvenile coral survivorship. However, most experiments have used cages that typically alter water flow and light conditions, making it difficult to separate abiotic effects from those of grazing. Here, we test whether grazing deterrents can increase the survival and growth of six-month-old <i>Acropora digitifera</i> juveniles outplanted to a shallow reef crest, using arrangements of two or four long or short masonry nails designed to physically exclude larger grazers (e.g., parrotfish) while minimising abiotic changes. By the end of our study, colonies with deterrents had significantly larger planar area (almost tenfold for the most effective treatment), more branches, greater height, and higher survival than those without deterrents. A critical period in this study was the first week after outplanting when colonies with deterrents had significantly less tissue area loss from grazing than those without. Lower area loss in the first week was associated with significantly higher survival over the following 14 months, with an almost threefold improvement for the most effective treatment. For heavily grazed systems, our study highlights the importance of incorporating grazing deterrents into outplant devices to counteract the negative impact of large grazers on newly outplanted juvenile corals and boost restoration success.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00338-025-02703-z.</p>","PeriodicalId":10821,"journal":{"name":"Coral Reefs","volume":"44 4","pages":"1389-1401"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12304057/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Grazing deterrents improve survival of outplanted juvenile corals.\",\"authors\":\"Eveline van der Steeg, Adriana Humanes, John C Bythell, Jamie R Craggs, Alasdair J Edwards, Yimnang Golbuu, Liam Lachs, Margaret W Miller, Janna L Randle, James R Guest\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s00338-025-02703-z\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>High mortality of juvenile corals hinder both the natural recovery of populations and the successful implementation of restoration efforts. Grazing is a significant cause of juvenile coral mortality, and grazer exclusion devices have been shown to increase juvenile coral survivorship. However, most experiments have used cages that typically alter water flow and light conditions, making it difficult to separate abiotic effects from those of grazing. Here, we test whether grazing deterrents can increase the survival and growth of six-month-old <i>Acropora digitifera</i> juveniles outplanted to a shallow reef crest, using arrangements of two or four long or short masonry nails designed to physically exclude larger grazers (e.g., parrotfish) while minimising abiotic changes. By the end of our study, colonies with deterrents had significantly larger planar area (almost tenfold for the most effective treatment), more branches, greater height, and higher survival than those without deterrents. A critical period in this study was the first week after outplanting when colonies with deterrents had significantly less tissue area loss from grazing than those without. Lower area loss in the first week was associated with significantly higher survival over the following 14 months, with an almost threefold improvement for the most effective treatment. For heavily grazed systems, our study highlights the importance of incorporating grazing deterrents into outplant devices to counteract the negative impact of large grazers on newly outplanted juvenile corals and boost restoration success.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00338-025-02703-z.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":10821,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Coral Reefs\",\"volume\":\"44 4\",\"pages\":\"1389-1401\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12304057/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Coral Reefs\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"99\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-025-02703-z\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"生物学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/7/5 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Coral Reefs","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-025-02703-z","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/7/5 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Grazing deterrents improve survival of outplanted juvenile corals.
High mortality of juvenile corals hinder both the natural recovery of populations and the successful implementation of restoration efforts. Grazing is a significant cause of juvenile coral mortality, and grazer exclusion devices have been shown to increase juvenile coral survivorship. However, most experiments have used cages that typically alter water flow and light conditions, making it difficult to separate abiotic effects from those of grazing. Here, we test whether grazing deterrents can increase the survival and growth of six-month-old Acropora digitifera juveniles outplanted to a shallow reef crest, using arrangements of two or four long or short masonry nails designed to physically exclude larger grazers (e.g., parrotfish) while minimising abiotic changes. By the end of our study, colonies with deterrents had significantly larger planar area (almost tenfold for the most effective treatment), more branches, greater height, and higher survival than those without deterrents. A critical period in this study was the first week after outplanting when colonies with deterrents had significantly less tissue area loss from grazing than those without. Lower area loss in the first week was associated with significantly higher survival over the following 14 months, with an almost threefold improvement for the most effective treatment. For heavily grazed systems, our study highlights the importance of incorporating grazing deterrents into outplant devices to counteract the negative impact of large grazers on newly outplanted juvenile corals and boost restoration success.
Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00338-025-02703-z.
期刊介绍:
Coral Reefs, the Journal of the International Coral Reef Society, presents multidisciplinary literature across the broad fields of reef studies, publishing analytical and theoretical papers on both modern and ancient reefs. These encourage the search for theories about reef structure and dynamics, and the use of experimentation, modeling, quantification and the applied sciences.
Coverage includes such subject areas as population dynamics; community ecology of reef organisms; energy and nutrient flows; biogeochemical cycles; physiology of calcification; reef responses to natural and anthropogenic influences; stress markers in reef organisms; behavioural ecology; sedimentology; diagenesis; reef structure and morphology; evolutionary ecology of the reef biota; palaeoceanography of coral reefs and coral islands; reef management and its underlying disciplines; molecular biology and genetics of coral; aetiology of disease in reef-related organisms; reef responses to global change, and more.