Ritual design in digital age: A comprehensive analysis of development and trend

To systematically summarize the ritual design research in digital age, a content analysis of 161 relevant articles was conducted, revealing the interdisciplinary nature of the field with seven keyword clusters and four high-frequency keywords. Ritual design research is predominantly constructivist and practice-oriented. A framework for analysing ritual design types was proposed, highlighting ‘Design of ritual’ on secular affairs, especially in individual daily life and ‘Design for ritual’ for collectives on religious affairs as emerging research themes. Additionally, ritual design is expanding within Human–Computer Interaction. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of existing research on ritual design, analysing multiple dimensions such as epistemological positions, knowledge types, design types, and design practices. It also serves as a valuable reference for future researchers, particularly in the areas of theoretical constructs, design methods, and design practices.