Dermatologic Adverse Effects of Chloroquine: A Review.

Abstract: Chloroquine has been linked to numerous adverse effects impacting several organ systems in the body. The dermatologic adverse effects of chloroquine have not been extensively analyzed in the current literature. A recent publication reviewed these effects of hydroxychloroquine, a medication with a similar composition and use as chloroquine. We conducted a narrative review of the English literature on this topic to better understand the dermatologic toxicity of chloroquine. Many of the dermatologic adverse effects associated with chloroquine use identified in this review were well tolerated or resolved after discontinuation of treatment. The most commonly reported adverse dermatologic effect of chloroquine was pruritus, with at least 464 distinct cases across 29 studies. All dermatologic reactions to chloroquine occurred within 3 months of drug initiation. Due to the varying reporting styles and methodology of studies, this analysis demonstrates the need for future studies to better elucidate the risks for dermatologic adverse effects of chloroquine regarding underlying conditions and treatment regimens. Future research should aim to identify all possible dermatologic adverse effects so that clinicians may confidently determine the risk to their patients.