Generational differences in nurse stress and coping strategies in relation to perceived patient safety: A cross-sectional study

Background

Multigenerational nursing teams, composed of Generations X, Y, and Z, face distinctive challenges due to differing perceptions of stress and coping mechanisms. Recognizing these generational variances is crucial for enhancing collaboration and improving patient outcomes.

Objectives

We investigated intergenerational differences in stress levels and coping strategies and their impact on patient safety among nurses from different generations. The aim was to provide insights that could help optimize the dynamics of multigenerational teams.

Participants

The study involved 692 registered nurses in Poland who were born in Generation X (1965–1980), Generation Y (1981–1996), or Generation Z (1997 and later), all of whom were employed in diverse healthcare settings.

Setting and methods

Data were collected using the Multidimensional Nursing Generational Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale, and Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory questionnaire. The analyses involved analysis of variance and path analysis to inspect the relationships among stress levels, coping strategies, and generational affiliation.

Results

Significant generational differences surfaced, with Generation Z displaying the highest stress levels and a propensity for active coping, notably seeking support. This was positively correlated with their view of patient safety. Conversely, Generation X nurses exhibited a greater reliance on avoidance behaviors, correlating with poorer views of patient safety. The differences among generations moderated the stress-coping dynamics, suggesting that targeted interventions might improve team unity and patient care.

Conclusions

We have underlined the possible need for generationally-sensitive approaches in Polish nursing teams. We suggest that generational affiliation may shape how nurses experience stress, select coping strategies, and form views of patient safety. These differences highlight the potential importance of considering generational dynamics in efforts to support nurse well-being and team collaboration.