非洲狮保护需要适应区域人为威胁和减缓能力

IF 3.4 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
Samantha K. Nicholson , Lizanne Roxburgh , Hans Bauer , Erin Adams , Tsyon Asfaw , Vincent N. Naude , Rob Slotow
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引用次数: 0

摘要

由于栖息地丧失和碎片化等间接威胁,以及有针对性的偷猎和非法野生动物贸易等更直接的威胁,非洲狮子的数量正在迅速下降。保护战略和围绕缓解的资源部署需要对区域威胁类型和严重程度有相当的了解,并对可用的干预资源进行评估。为了为这种物种层面的规划提供信息,对代表非洲132个亚种群的经验丰富的景观管理人员和狮子研究人员进行了一项在线调查,以制定标准化的感知威胁严重程度和资源可用性指数,以便与生物地理、社会经济和缓解协变量进行比较。在过去五年中,人们认为狮子亚种群要么增加(38 %),要么稳定(37 %),有一些减少(17 %)和一些未知的趋势(8 %)。感知到的威胁严重程度在地区(即中部非洲最高,南部非洲最低)和国家(即安哥拉、刚果民主共和国、喀麦隆和埃塞俄比亚最高,而卢旺达、南非和纳米比亚最低)之间存在显著差异。总威胁指数的进一步显著差异与狮子栖息地内的社区生活、区域内的牲畜放牧、牲畜与野生动物的竞争、围栏水平、社区参与和管理资源等变量有关。安哥拉、刚果民主共和国、喀麦隆和埃塞俄比亚的威胁严重程度指数最高,而卢旺达、南非和纳米比亚的威胁严重程度指数最低。最严重的威胁因区域和国家而异。缺乏资金、人类入侵和猎物基地的丧失成为严重的局部威胁,而气候变化被确定为最严重的全球威胁。卢旺达、乍得和贝宁的感知资源可用性最高,安哥拉、布基纳法索、尼日尔、南苏丹、苏丹和乌干达等六个国家的感知资源可用性最低。非洲狮子保护面临的威胁因环境而异,因此需要制定有针对性的保护战略。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
African lion conservation requires adaption to regional anthropogenic threats and mitigation capacity
Lion populations are declining rapidly throughout their range in Africa due to either indirect threats such as habitat loss and fragmentation or more direct threats such as targeted poaching for body parts and illegal wildlife trade. Conservation strategies and resource deployment around mitigation requires a comparable understanding of regional threat typology and severity, as well as an assessment of available resources for intervention. To inform such species-level planning, an online survey conducted with experienced landscape managers and lion researchers representing 132 subpopulations across Africa was used to develop standardised perceived threat severity and resource availability indices for comparison with biogeographic, socio-economic, and mitigation covariates. Lion subpopulations were perceived to be either increasing (38 %) or stable (37 %) over the last five years, with some decreasing (17 %) and several unknown (8 %) trends. Perceived threat severity differed significantly by region (i.e., highest in central and lowest in southern Africa) and country (i.e., highest in Angola, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Cameroon and Ethiopia, while Rwanda, South Africa and Namibia were lowest). Further significant differences in the total threat index were related to variables such as communities living within the lion habitat, livestock grazing within the area, livestock competition with wildlife, as well as the level of fencing, community engagement and management resources. Angola, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Cameroon and Ethiopia had the highest perceived threat severity indices, while Rwanda, South Africa and Namibia had the lowest threat severity. The most severe threats varied significantly across regions and countries. Lack of funding, human encroachment, and loss of prey base emerged as severe local threats, while climate change was identified as the most severe global threat. Perceived resource availability was highest in Rwanda, Chad and Benin and lowest in six countries including Angola, Burkina Faso, Niger, South Sudan, Sudan and Uganda. The perceived threats facing lion conservation in Africa vary with context, highlighting the need for tailored conservation strategies.
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来源期刊
Global Ecology and Conservation
Global Ecology and Conservation Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
CiteScore
8.10
自引率
5.00%
发文量
346
审稿时长
83 days
期刊介绍: Global Ecology and Conservation is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal covering all sub-disciplines of ecological and conservation science: from theory to practice, from molecules to ecosystems, from regional to global. The fields covered include: organismal, population, community, and ecosystem ecology; physiological, evolutionary, and behavioral ecology; and conservation science.
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