放牧对食物网动态的影响:山艾草生态系统中观捕食者和啮齿动物

IF 2.4 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY
Vanessa M. Schroeder , Dustin D. Johnson , W. Douglas Robinson , David W. Bohnert , Jonathan B. Dinkins
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引用次数: 0

摘要

2018-2021年,在美国俄勒冈州东南部进行了一项重复放牧实验,利用运动敏感摄像机网络和每周样带调查,评估了休牧期放牧、春夏轮牧和禁牧对啮齿动物、中哺乳动物、狐形动物和爬行动物活动的影响。在中等强度轮牧的草场上,花栗鼠(Neotamias spp.)和小鼠(Neotominae亚科)的活性低于未放牧的草场。在考虑轮换(春季或夏季)或牛的存在方面的差异时,我们发现大多数啮齿动物(包括花栗鼠,地松鼠[乌尾鼠属],袋鼠鼠[杂家鼠科]和小鼠)的活动减少的证据,夏季放牧期间减少最多。我们没有观察到放牧对中掠食者的直接影响,包括美洲獾(Taxidea taxus)和土狼(Canis latrans)。多年生牧草覆盖增加了地松鼠活动、土狼和獾的占用,表明植被食物资源的间接影响。我们的研究结果表明,放牧影响了山艾草生态系统食物网中许多物种的活动和占用,这对一些物种的管理关注具有启示意义。随着山艾草生态系统的持续萎缩,管理者应该考虑放牧管理对物种相互作用动态的影响,包括捕食者-猎物关系。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Effects of Cattle Grazing on Food Web Dynamics: Meso-predators and Rodents in a Sagebrush Ecosystem
We used a network of motion-sensitive cameras and weekly transect surveys during a replicated cattle grazing experiment to assess the influence of dormant season grazing, spring-summer rotational grazing, and grazing exclusion on the activity of rodent, meso-mammalian, lagomorph and reptilian species in southeast Oregon, USA, from 2018–2021. Activity of chipmunks (Neotamias spp.) and mice (subfamily Neotominae), was lower in moderate intensity rotationally grazed pastures compared to nongrazed pastures. When considering differences with respect to rotation (spring or summer) or cattle presence, we found evidence for reduced activity of most rodents (including chipmunks, ground squirrels [Urocitellus spp.], kangaroo rats [family Heteromyidae], and mice), with the largest reductions during summer grazing. We did not observe a direct effect of grazing on meso-predators, including American badgers (Taxidea taxus), and coyotes (Canis latrans). Perennial forb cover was associated with increased ground squirrel activity and coyote and badger occupancy, suggesting indirect effects stemming from vegetation food resources. Our results suggest grazing influences the activity and occupancy of many species within the sagebrush ecosystem food web, which has implications for several species of management concern. As the sagebrush ecosystem continues to shrink, managers should consider the influences of grazing management on the dynamics of species interactions, including predator-prey relationships.
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来源期刊
Rangeland Ecology & Management
Rangeland Ecology & Management 农林科学-环境科学
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
13.00%
发文量
87
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Rangeland Ecology & Management publishes all topics-including ecology, management, socioeconomic and policy-pertaining to global rangelands. The journal''s mission is to inform academics, ecosystem managers and policy makers of science-based information to promote sound rangeland stewardship. Author submissions are published in five manuscript categories: original research papers, high-profile forum topics, concept syntheses, as well as research and technical notes. Rangelands represent approximately 50% of the Earth''s land area and provision multiple ecosystem services for large human populations. This expansive and diverse land area functions as coupled human-ecological systems. Knowledge of both social and biophysical system components and their interactions represent the foundation for informed rangeland stewardship. Rangeland Ecology & Management uniquely integrates information from multiple system components to address current and pending challenges confronting global rangelands.
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