农药对生殖健康的影响:来自动物和两性体外模型的见解。

IF 3.9 3区 医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
Journal of Endocrinology Pub Date : 2025-08-05 Print Date: 2025-08-01 DOI:10.1530/JOE-24-0379
Mariana de Souza Pomacena, Patrícia Cristina Lisboa, Egberto Gaspar de Moura, Rosiane Aparecida Miranda
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引用次数: 0

摘要

多年来,环境暴露于农药显著增加。正在开发和批准使用几种新的农药,尽管它们对健康和环境的全面影响尚不清楚。农药通过作用于激素通路,包括激素受体相互作用和激素代谢,干扰内分泌系统。近年来,随着越来越多地使用干扰内分泌的化学分子,男性和女性的生育能力下降和生殖改变引起了越来越多的关注。鉴于农药可能对生殖系统产生重大影响,我们对相关动物研究进行了叙述性回顾,包括对人类进行的研究,以及探索暴露于各种农药类(如有机氯、有机磷、拟除虫菊酯、氨基甲酸酯和新烟碱类)对男性和女性生殖系统变化的体外模型。主要在不同的实验模型中报道的关键功能障碍包括下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴的改变,卵巢和睾丸的形态改变,闭锁卵泡数量增加,精子活力降低。尽管这一领域的研究有所增加,但仍存在重大差距,包括研究结果不一致,缺乏长期人体接触研究,以及对农药制剂协同效应的了解有限。强调农药暴露对生育力的影响至关重要,并鼓励进一步研究阐明所涉及的病理生理、形态和分子机制,以及暴露于这些农药混合物的影响,模拟人类暴露。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Impact of pesticides on reproductive health: insights from animal and in vitro models in both sexes.

Over the years, environmental exposure to pesticides has significantly increased. Several new pesticides are being developed and approved for use, although their full impact on health and the environment remains unclear. Pesticides interfere with the endocrine system by acting on hormonal pathways, including hormone-receptor interactions and hormonal metabolism. Concomitant with the increasing use of endocrine-disrupting chemical molecules, reduced fertility and reproductive alterations in men and women have attracted increasing attention in recent years. Given the potential of pesticides to impact the reproductive system significantly, we conducted a narrative review of relevant animal studies, including those conducted on humans, and in vitro models exploring changes in the male and female reproductive systems associated with exposure to various pesticide classes, such as organochlorines, organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates, and neonicotinoids. Key dysfunctions reported primarily in different experimental models include alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, morphological changes in the ovaries and testes, increased numbers of atretic follicles, and reduced sperm motility. Although research in this area has increased, important gaps remain, including inconsistencies in findings, lack of long-term human exposure studies, and limited understanding of the synergistic effects of pesticide formulations. It is crucial to emphasize the impact of pesticide exposure on fertility and encourage further research to elucidate the pathophysiological, morphological, and molecular mechanisms involved, as well as the effects of exposure to mixtures of these pesticides, mimicking the human exposome.

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来源期刊
Journal of Endocrinology
Journal of Endocrinology 医学-内分泌学与代谢
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
2.50%
发文量
113
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Endocrinology is a leading global journal that publishes original research articles, reviews and science guidelines. Its focus is on endocrine physiology and metabolism, including hormone secretion; hormone action; biological effects. The journal publishes basic and translational studies at the organ, tissue and whole organism level.
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