Progress in graphdiyne-based membrane for gas separation and water purification

Membrane separation is an efficient method with significant applications across various fields. Graphdiyne (GDY), a novel carbon allotrope composed of sp and sp² hybridized carbon atoms, possesses unique physical and chemical properties that enable its application in catalysis, electronics, and sensing. Additionally, its two-dimensional planar structure and homogeneous pore distribution facilitate the adsorption and transport of various metal ions and gases, highlighting its potential in separation processes. This review summarizes the structure and properties of GDY, outlines its synthesis strategies, and describes its detailed applications in gas separation, heavy metal ion separation, organic separation, and desalination. Finally, the challenges associated with the separation of GDY-based materials are discussed.