Clinical efficacy of oxidized regenerated cellulose powder in perioperative blood management in direct anterior total hip arthroplasty.

Background: Perioperative blood loss remains a challenge in total hip arthroplasty (THA). Although tranexamic acid (TXA) is widely used for hemostasis, the efficacy of oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC) powder as an adjunct in blood management for THA via the direct anterior approach (DAA) remains underexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ORC powder on perioperative blood loss, hematological parameters, and clinical outcomes in direct anterior THA.

Methods: A total of 133 patients who underwent primary THA via the DAA were enrolled in the study. The patients were divided into two groups: the ORC powder group (combination of ORC powder and topical TXA, n = 53) and the control group (topical TXA alone, n = 80). The demographic and clinical information, operative time, intraoperative bleeding volume, estimated total blood loss (eTBL), hidden blood loss (HBL), trends in hemoglobin, hematocrit, postoperative pain scores using a numeric rating scale (NRS), and adverse events were analyzed. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Japanese Orthopedic Association score.

Results: The ORC powder group had significantly lower eTBL (679.1 ± 230.1 mL vs. 875.8 ± 292.9 mL, p < 0.0001) and HBL (424.1 ± 194.5 mL vs. 558.6 ± 264.2 mL, p = 0.002). Postoperative pain scores at postoperative day 7 were lower in the ORC powder group (1.9 ± 1.6 vs. 2.9 ± 2.2, p = 0.009). The clinical outcomes were excellent, and no significant differences were observed in complication rates between the groups.

Conclusion: ORC powder effectively reduced perioperative blood loss in THA via the DAA without increasing complication rates. ORC powder has the potential to be a valuable adjunct in optimizing blood management strategies in THA.