Stany Mathew, Gowthaman Thangavel, Praveen Pujar, Apourv Pant, Anita Nath
{"title":"低剂量计算机断层扫描（LDCT）用于肺癌筛查的系统证据综述。","authors":"Stany Mathew, Gowthaman Thangavel, Praveen Pujar, Apourv Pant, Anita Nath","doi":"10.1080/14796694.2025.2531428","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Despite lung cancer's high mortality rate, many countries still lack organized lung cancer screening programs. This review aims to evaluate the impact of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening on lung cancer diagnosis, mortality, and overall clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for umbrella reviews, a comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for reviews published between January 2013 and December 2023. Eligible meta-analyses included studies comparing LDCT screening with chest X-ray (CXR) or no screening, reporting outcomes such as sensitivity, specificity, and lung cancer mortality. The methodological quality of the included reviews was assessed using AMSTAR-2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 801 citations, 14 meta-analyses met the inclusion criteria. LDCT demonstrated high sensitivity (0.97, 95% CI: 0.94-0.98) and specificity (0.87, 95% CI: 0.82-0.91). It significantly increased early-stage lung cancer detection (RR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.18-1.45) and reduced lung cancer mortality by 18% (RR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.75-0.90). However, the reduction in all-cause mortality (RR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.75-1.06) was not statistically significant. Overdiagnosis and false positives remain essential challenges.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This umbrella review confirms that LDCT screening effectively reduces lung cancer mortality, particularly in high-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12672,"journal":{"name":"Future oncology","volume":" ","pages":"2649-2661"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12344802/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"An umbrella review of systematic evidence on the Low Dose Computed Tomography (LDCT) for lung cancer screening.\",\"authors\":\"Stany Mathew, Gowthaman Thangavel, Praveen Pujar, Apourv Pant, Anita Nath\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/14796694.2025.2531428\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Despite lung cancer's high mortality rate, many countries still lack organized lung cancer screening programs. This review aims to evaluate the impact of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening on lung cancer diagnosis, mortality, and overall clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for umbrella reviews, a comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for reviews published between January 2013 and December 2023. Eligible meta-analyses included studies comparing LDCT screening with chest X-ray (CXR) or no screening, reporting outcomes such as sensitivity, specificity, and lung cancer mortality. The methodological quality of the included reviews was assessed using AMSTAR-2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 801 citations, 14 meta-analyses met the inclusion criteria. LDCT demonstrated high sensitivity (0.97, 95% CI: 0.94-0.98) and specificity (0.87, 95% CI: 0.82-0.91). It significantly increased early-stage lung cancer detection (RR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.18-1.45) and reduced lung cancer mortality by 18% (RR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.75-0.90). However, the reduction in all-cause mortality (RR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.75-1.06) was not statistically significant. Overdiagnosis and false positives remain essential challenges.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This umbrella review confirms that LDCT screening effectively reduces lung cancer mortality, particularly in high-risk populations.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":12672,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Future oncology\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"2649-2661\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-08-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12344802/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Future oncology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/14796694.2025.2531428\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/7/15 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ONCOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Future oncology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14796694.2025.2531428","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/7/15 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ONCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
An umbrella review of systematic evidence on the Low Dose Computed Tomography (LDCT) for lung cancer screening.
Aim: Despite lung cancer's high mortality rate, many countries still lack organized lung cancer screening programs. This review aims to evaluate the impact of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening on lung cancer diagnosis, mortality, and overall clinical outcomes.
Materials and methods: Following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for umbrella reviews, a comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for reviews published between January 2013 and December 2023. Eligible meta-analyses included studies comparing LDCT screening with chest X-ray (CXR) or no screening, reporting outcomes such as sensitivity, specificity, and lung cancer mortality. The methodological quality of the included reviews was assessed using AMSTAR-2.
Results: Out of 801 citations, 14 meta-analyses met the inclusion criteria. LDCT demonstrated high sensitivity (0.97, 95% CI: 0.94-0.98) and specificity (0.87, 95% CI: 0.82-0.91). It significantly increased early-stage lung cancer detection (RR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.18-1.45) and reduced lung cancer mortality by 18% (RR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.75-0.90). However, the reduction in all-cause mortality (RR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.75-1.06) was not statistically significant. Overdiagnosis and false positives remain essential challenges.
Conclusion: This umbrella review confirms that LDCT screening effectively reduces lung cancer mortality, particularly in high-risk populations.
期刊介绍：
Future Oncology (ISSN 1479-6694) provides a forum for a new era of cancer care. The journal focuses on the most important advances and highlights their relevance in the clinical setting. Furthermore, Future Oncology delivers essential information in concise, at-a-glance article formats - vital in delivering information to an increasingly time-constrained community.
The journal takes a forward-looking stance toward the scientific and clinical issues, together with the economic and policy issues that confront us in this new era of cancer care. The journal includes literature awareness such as the latest developments in radiotherapy and immunotherapy, concise commentary and analysis, and full review articles all of which provide key findings, translational to the clinical setting.
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
