放疗在前列腺癌明确治疗后盆腔淋巴结复发中的作用。

IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY
Alessandro Dematteis, Marcin Miszczyk, Angelo Cormio, Akihiro Matsukawa, Paolo Gontero, Shahrokh F Shariat
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引用次数: 0

摘要

综述目的:总结放疗在治疗前列腺癌(PCa)原发性治疗后盆腔淋巴结(PLN)复发中的作用的最新证据,重点是放疗策略、新的医学影像学和肿瘤预后。前列腺特异性膜抗原PET (PSMA-PET)提高了前列腺癌患者分期的准确性;然而,它往往不能正确识别PLN转移,对患者临床结果的影响是不确定的。与更全面的治疗方法相比,转移导向治疗(MDT)联合短期雄激素剥夺治疗(ADT)治疗PLN复发患者的复发风险明显更高。新出现的数据支持选择性淋巴结放疗(ENRT)联合短期雄激素剥夺治疗(ADT)和放疗促进PLN转移的作用,以加强疾病控制。值得注意的是,尽管比MDT治疗更广泛的骨盆区域,ENRT似乎没有显著增加急性毒性或对生活质量(QoL)产生负面影响。最近的证据表明,雄激素受体途径抑制剂(ARPI),如enzalutamide,在高危生化复发患者中的作用,为不符合补救性放疗条件的患者引入了新的治疗模式。正在进行的前瞻性研究正在完善放射治疗与全身治疗相结合的作用。总结:尽管PSMA-PET允许改善分期和更好的患者定制决策,但PLN复发患者继续受益于综合多模式治疗方法。选择性PLN照射联合放疗强化和ADT可改善疾病控制,同时不影响安全性和毒性。ARPI+ADT和ARPI单药治疗可作为选择性患者的替代方案。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The role of radiotherapy in pelvic nodal recurrence following definitive treatment for prostate cancer.

Purpose of review: To summarize recent evidence on the role of radiotherapy in managing pelvic lymph node (PLN) recurrence following curative-intent primary therapy for prostate cancer (PCa), focusing on radiotherapy strategies, novel medical imaging, and oncological outcomes.

Recent findings: Prostate-specific membrane antigen PET (PSMA-PET) has improved accuracy of staging in patients with PCa; however, more often than not, it fails to correctly identify PLN metastases, and the impact on clinical outcomes of the patients is uncertain. Metastasis-directed therapies (MDT) combined with short-term androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) in patients with PLN recurrence are associated with a significantly higher risk of recurrence compared to more comprehensive approaches. Emerging data support the role of elective nodal radiotherapy (ENRT) combined with short-term androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and radiotherapy boost to the PLN metastases to enhance disease control. Notably, despite treating a more extensive pelvic region than MDT, ENRT does not appear to significantly increase acute toxicity or negatively impact quality of life (QoL). Recent evidence suggests a role for androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPI), such as enzalutamide, in patients with high-risk biochemical recurrence, introducing a new treatment paradigm for patients ineligible for salvage radiotherapy. Ongoing prospective studies are refining the role of radiotherapy in combination with systemic treatments.

Summary: Despite PSMA-PET allowing for improved staging and better patient-tailored decisions, patients with PLN recurrence continue to benefit from comprehensive multimodal treatment approach. Elective PLN irradiation combined with radiotherapy boost and ADT lead to improved disease control, without compromising safety and toxicity. ARPI+ADT and ARPI-monotherapy emerge as alternatives for select patients.

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来源期刊
Current Opinion in Urology
Current Opinion in Urology 医学-泌尿学与肾脏学
CiteScore
5.00
自引率
4.00%
发文量
140
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: ​​​​​​​​Current Opinion in Urology delivers a broad-based perspective on the most recent and most exciting developments in urology from across the world. Published bimonthly and featuring ten key topics – including focuses on prostate cancer, bladder cancer and minimally invasive urology – the journal’s renowned team of guest editors ensure a balanced, expert assessment of the recently published literature in each respective field with insightful editorials and on-the-mark invited reviews.
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