Understanding the ecological footprint of chromium from tannery operations.

The tannery sector, while holding considerable economic importance, presents significant environmental challenges due to the release of effluents containing chromium. This research investigates the harmful consequences of wastewater from tanneries, predominantly arising from the chrome tanning method, which introduces hazardous substances such as chromium, sulfides, and organic materials into ecosystems. This pollution results in soil deterioration, water contamination, and negative health impacts on humans, especially among labourers and surrounding populations. Prolonged exposure to these contaminants is associated with severe health complications, including cancer and organ dysfunction. The implementation of effective management strategies, such as bioremediation approaches that employ chromium-reducing microorganisms, is crucial for alleviating these effects. This paper advocates for more rigorous regulatory measures and the incorporation of advanced treatment technologies to promote sustainable practices within the leather industry, ultimately striving to reconcile economic advantages with environmental stewardship.