{"title":"使用除草剂和杀藻剂控制入侵水生系统中大型植物和藻华的食物网影响","authors":"Aaron B. Stoler, Rick A. Relyea","doi":"10.1111/fwb.70075","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n <p>\n \n </p><ol>\n \n \n <li>Given the expansion of aquatic plants (i.e., macrophytes) that can occur with eutrophication, lakes and ponds are often managed with herbicides to kill large areas of undesired plants. In doing so, the dead plants decompose and release large amounts of nutrients that can facilitate major algal blooms, which are subsequently managed by applying algicides. These rapid shifts in community structure might also encourage other shifts, such as the proliferation of invasive species. More understanding is needed about how herbicides and algicides affect entire food webs, including food webs containing invasive species.</li>\n \n \n <li>We employed outdoor mesocosm communities to explore the community-wide effects of a common herbicide (fluridone) and an algicide (copper sulphate; CuSO<sub>4</sub>). Communities included algae, zooplankton, Eurasian milfoil (<i>Myriophyllum spicatum</i>) and two native snails (<i>Physa acuta</i> and <i>Helisoma trivolvis</i>). We further manipulated the presence of the invasive Chinese mystery snail (<i>Cipangopaludina chinensis</i>) to examine how the same chemicals might alter its ability to invade a community.</li>\n \n \n <li>Surprisingly, we discovered that the herbicide caused a 40% reduction in phytoplankton and a decline in copepods, likely as an indirect effect. Adding CuSO<sub>4</sub> caused a 60% reduction in phytoplankton but no reduction in periphyton, while also causing an increase in cladocerans and declines in copepods and the two native snail species. In contrast, the invasive Chinese mystery snail was unaffected by the algicide, while it drove down the abundance of periphyton and one of the native snails.</li>\n \n \n <li>Collectively, these results highlight the importance of examining multiple human impacts—alone and in combination—to more effectively assess the planned and inadvertent effects of human activities on aquatic ecosystems.</li>\n </ol>\n \n </div>","PeriodicalId":12365,"journal":{"name":"Freshwater Biology","volume":"70 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Food-Web Impacts of Controlling Macrophytes and Algal Blooms Using Herbicides and Algicides in Invaded Aquatic Systems\",\"authors\":\"Aaron B. Stoler, Rick A. Relyea\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/fwb.70075\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n <p>\\n \\n </p><ol>\\n \\n \\n <li>Given the expansion of aquatic plants (i.e., macrophytes) that can occur with eutrophication, lakes and ponds are often managed with herbicides to kill large areas of undesired plants. In doing so, the dead plants decompose and release large amounts of nutrients that can facilitate major algal blooms, which are subsequently managed by applying algicides. These rapid shifts in community structure might also encourage other shifts, such as the proliferation of invasive species. More understanding is needed about how herbicides and algicides affect entire food webs, including food webs containing invasive species.</li>\\n \\n \\n <li>We employed outdoor mesocosm communities to explore the community-wide effects of a common herbicide (fluridone) and an algicide (copper sulphate; CuSO<sub>4</sub>). Communities included algae, zooplankton, Eurasian milfoil (<i>Myriophyllum spicatum</i>) and two native snails (<i>Physa acuta</i> and <i>Helisoma trivolvis</i>). We further manipulated the presence of the invasive Chinese mystery snail (<i>Cipangopaludina chinensis</i>) to examine how the same chemicals might alter its ability to invade a community.</li>\\n \\n \\n <li>Surprisingly, we discovered that the herbicide caused a 40% reduction in phytoplankton and a decline in copepods, likely as an indirect effect. Adding CuSO<sub>4</sub> caused a 60% reduction in phytoplankton but no reduction in periphyton, while also causing an increase in cladocerans and declines in copepods and the two native snail species. In contrast, the invasive Chinese mystery snail was unaffected by the algicide, while it drove down the abundance of periphyton and one of the native snails.</li>\\n \\n \\n <li>Collectively, these results highlight the importance of examining multiple human impacts—alone and in combination—to more effectively assess the planned and inadvertent effects of human activities on aquatic ecosystems.</li>\\n </ol>\\n \\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":12365,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Freshwater Biology\",\"volume\":\"70 7\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-07-13\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Freshwater Biology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"99\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/fwb.70075\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"生物学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ECOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Freshwater Biology","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/fwb.70075","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ECOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Food-Web Impacts of Controlling Macrophytes and Algal Blooms Using Herbicides and Algicides in Invaded Aquatic Systems
Given the expansion of aquatic plants (i.e., macrophytes) that can occur with eutrophication, lakes and ponds are often managed with herbicides to kill large areas of undesired plants. In doing so, the dead plants decompose and release large amounts of nutrients that can facilitate major algal blooms, which are subsequently managed by applying algicides. These rapid shifts in community structure might also encourage other shifts, such as the proliferation of invasive species. More understanding is needed about how herbicides and algicides affect entire food webs, including food webs containing invasive species.
We employed outdoor mesocosm communities to explore the community-wide effects of a common herbicide (fluridone) and an algicide (copper sulphate; CuSO4). Communities included algae, zooplankton, Eurasian milfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum) and two native snails (Physa acuta and Helisoma trivolvis). We further manipulated the presence of the invasive Chinese mystery snail (Cipangopaludina chinensis) to examine how the same chemicals might alter its ability to invade a community.
Surprisingly, we discovered that the herbicide caused a 40% reduction in phytoplankton and a decline in copepods, likely as an indirect effect. Adding CuSO4 caused a 60% reduction in phytoplankton but no reduction in periphyton, while also causing an increase in cladocerans and declines in copepods and the two native snail species. In contrast, the invasive Chinese mystery snail was unaffected by the algicide, while it drove down the abundance of periphyton and one of the native snails.
Collectively, these results highlight the importance of examining multiple human impacts—alone and in combination—to more effectively assess the planned and inadvertent effects of human activities on aquatic ecosystems.
期刊介绍:
Freshwater Biology publishes papers on all aspects of the ecology of inland waters, including rivers and lakes, ground waters, flood plains and other freshwater wetlands. We include studies of micro-organisms, algae, macrophytes, invertebrates, fish and other vertebrates, as well as those concerning whole systems and related physical and chemical aspects of the environment, provided that they have clear biological relevance.
Studies may focus at any level in the ecological hierarchy from physiological ecology and animal behaviour, through population dynamics and evolutionary genetics, to community interactions, biogeography and ecosystem functioning. They may also be at any scale: from microhabitat to landscape, and continental to global. Preference is given to research, whether meta-analytical, experimental, theoretical or descriptive, highlighting causal (ecological) mechanisms from which clearly stated hypotheses are derived. Manuscripts with an experimental or conceptual flavour are particularly welcome, as are those or which integrate laboratory and field work, and studies from less well researched areas of the world. Priority is given to submissions that are likely to interest a wide range of readers.
We encourage submission of papers well grounded in ecological theory that deal with issues related to the conservation and management of inland waters. Papers interpreting fundamental research in a way that makes clear its applied, strategic or socio-economic relevance are also welcome.
Review articles (FRESHWATER BIOLOGY REVIEWS) and discussion papers (OPINION) are also invited: these enable authors to publish high-quality material outside the constraints of standard research papers.