Image encryption scheme based on 2D-ICCM and bit-planes cross permutation-diffusion using parallel computing

With the increasing reliance on digital images for communication and storage, image security has become a critical concern. Traditional encryption schemes often face challenges regarding efficiency and robustness against modern cryptographic attacks. In this paper, a novel image encryption scheme is proposed based on an innovative chaotic system named 2D-ICCM and cross bit-plane permutation, enhanced by parallel computing for improved efficiency. The 2D-ICCM is designed to exhibit complex dynamic properties and high sensitivity to initial conditions, the chaotic behaviors of which are verified through the Lyapunov exponent, bifurcation diagrams, sample entropy, and 0-1 test. In addition, a cross bit-plane permutation method is proposed to rearrange the bits in high four bit-planes and low four bit-planes, which further increases the complexity of the encryption and provides stronger protection against attacks. In the diffusion process, an independent bit-plane multi-direction diffusion method using a Zigzag scan is proposed. To address the issue of encryption speed, the parallel computing technique is applied for the diffusion process. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme offers high encryption quality, robust resistance to statistical analysis attacks, and significantly improved encryption speed compared to traditional methods.