Utilization of patient-reported outcome measures in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis management: a cross-sectional study of Spanish neurologists.

Objective: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that significantly impacts quality of life. Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) offer a patient-centered approach by capturing self-reported assessments of symptoms and well-being. Despite their recognized value, PROM integration into ALS management remains inconsistent. This study evaluates the attitudes, practices, and barriers experienced by Spanish neurologists regarding PROM use in ALS care. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was distributed to Spanish neurologists specializing in neuromuscular disorders. The questionnaire assessed familiarity with and use of PROMs, as well as perceived benefits and barriers to their implementation. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, group comparisons, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to identify underlying factors influencing PROM use. Results: Among 60 neurologists surveyed, 93.3% were familiar with PROMs, yet only 18.3% used them routinely. PROM use did not vary significantly with years of experience, type of clinical setting, exclusive dedication to neuromuscular disorders, or the percentage of time spent on patient care. The only variable approaching significance was the number of ALS patients managed daily, with higher patient volumes associated with more frequent PROM use. Over 70% of non-users cited limited consultation time as a barrier; however, factor analysis indicated that time constraints were not a substantial limitation. PROMs were valued for supporting clinical decision-making, monitoring disease progression, and improving patient engagement. Conclusions: While PROMs are widely recognized for their potential in ALS care, barriers hinder their use. Targeted training, simplified tools, and culturally adapted PROMs are needed to facilitate broader adoption and improve outcomes.