Darius Fatemi, Jang-Chul Kim, Sharif Mazumder, Qing Su
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This study investigates the impact of U.S. tariff announcements on stock liquidity in early 2025. Using firm-level data, liquidity deteriorates significantly following key announcements, particularly the April 2 reciprocal tariff plan. Spreads widen and market depth declines, indicating higher trading costs and thinner order books. These effects are consistent across model specifications and industries, with sharper depth reductions in necessity-related sectors. Analysis of 17 key event dates reveals asymmetric market responses, shaped by the perceived economic implications of each announcement. While tariffs were expected under the new administration’s policy stance, markets reacted to the unexpectedly simple and broad application of reciprocal rates. Our findings highlight how specific policy design elements, not just direction, can trigger short-term trading frictions under geopolitical uncertainty.
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