More fraudulent history of cancer risk assessment: The US National Academy of Sciences Biological Effects of Atomic Radiation (BEAR) I Genetics Panel used falsified data greatly exaggerating hereditary/cancer risks

This paper reports that data used by the US National Academy of Sciences (NAS) Biological Effects of Atomic Radiation (BEAR) I Genetics Panel (1956) to estimate risks of hereditary damage in the US population were falsified, greatly exaggerating the risks. These risk estimates were mostly based on the first of many mouse specific-locus experiments of William and Liane Russell, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which were determined in 1996 to be erroneous by a US Department of Energy (DOE) investigation of scientific misconduct. The basis of the falsification is that William Russell removed data on a large mutation cluster from the control group resulting in a falsely elevated estimate of the induced frequency of radiation-induced gene mutations. While DOE subsequently compelled the Russells to correct the record, these corrections were never retrospectively applied to the Genetics Panel (1956) report, which used the falsified Russell data. Thus, no corrections have been made by the NAS or regulatory agencies, such as the EPA, whose national risk assessment policies/practices for cancer risk assessment were significantly corrupted and overstated by these errors. Based on the discovery reported herein that the Genetics Panel's policy recommendations considerably overestimated hereditary risks based upon Russell-inspired falsified publication, it seems imperative that the Genetics Panel report (1956) published in Science be retracted due to inherent falsification-based inaccuracies that continue to impact governmental regulatory agencies, such as the EPA, and the global community that often rely upon the US NAS and regulatory agencies for guidance, as well as the broader scientific community and general public.