Trends in metabolic risk factors control among adults with type 2 diabetes: A comparative study of 2018 and 2021.

Aims: This study aims to analyze recent trends in managing major metabolic risk factors among type 2 diabetes patients (T2D) over time.

Methods: We used data from the Danish Adult Diabetes Registry (DVDD) on health indicators in 2018 and 2021. Information about medication was found using Danish National Prescription Registry (DNPR). Cut points for abnormal values of the included health indicators were identified from the revised National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Correspondingly, reached target levels were defined. A logistic regression model based on generalized estimating equations was fitted to evaluate the difference between 2018 and 2021.

Results: We included 24,343 and 18,027 observations in 2018 and 2021, respectively. Longitudinal analyses showed statistically significant improvement in Low density lipoprotein, Blood pressure, triglycerides, and Glycated hemoglobin control overtime. The use of glucose-lowering and lipid-lowering medications, and antihypertensive medication increased. Obesity declined significantly overtime. Subgroup analyses highlighted improvement in metabolic control across age groups, with TG control declining in T2D patients over 60 years.

Conclusions: We found statistically significant improvement in metabolic risk factor control and medication use over time. Despite progress in managing LDL, BP, and HbA1c, challenges remain in Blood pressure and triglycerides control.