求医行为中的性别差异:来自2019年全国健康和发病率调查的见解。

IF 2.7 3区 医学 Q2 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES
Devi Shantini Rata Mohan, Suhana Jawahir, Adilius Manual, Nur Elina Abdul Mutalib, Sarah Nurain Mohd Noh, Iqbal Ab Rahim, Jabrullah Ab Hamid, Awatef Amer Nordin
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:寻求健康的行为涉及感到不适的个人为寻求补救而采取的行动,并根据性别、年龄、社会经济地位和获得医疗保健的机会等认知和非认知因素而有所不同。性别角色显著影响健康结果,COVID-19大流行进一步加剧了公共卫生合规方面的性别差异。利用一项全国健康调查的二手数据,本文旨在评估马来西亚人口中基于性别的特征和影响求医行为的因素。方法:本研究是对NHMS 2019的二次数据分析,这是一项使用安德森行为模型的横断面全国健康调查。它根据社会人口统计学、有利条件和感知到的健康需求评估了影响自我用药和寻求治疗的因素。采用描述性统计和逻辑回归模型来确定影响男性和女性求医行为的因素。结果:本研究分析了10,933名马来西亚成年人的求医行为,代表1,970万人。总体患病率为16.1% (95% CI = 14.8-17.4),女性患病率更高(18.1%;95% ci = 95% ci = 16.3-19.9)。在患者中,56.4% (95% CI = 52.9-60.0)寻求专业治疗,23.0% (95% CI = 19.8-26.2)自行用药。回归分析显示,城市女性和那些认为自己健康状况不佳的女性更有可能寻求专业护理,而中国女性、没有受过正规教育的女性和退休女性更有可能自我治疗。在男性中,那些长期患病的人更有可能寻求治疗,而与私人雇员相比,学生不太可能自我治疗。结论:该研究揭示了马来西亚男性和女性在求医行为方面存在显著的性别和社会人口差异。影响这些求医行为的因素对每个性别来说都是独特的。这强调了有针对性的干预措施的重要性,这些干预措施对性别问题敏感,以解决结构性不平等问题,并在马来西亚所有人口群体中实现公平的医疗保健利用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Gender differences in health-seeking behaviour: insights from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2019.

Background: Health-seeking behaviour involves actions taken by individuals who feel unwell to seek remedies and varies based on cognitive and non-cognitive factors like sex, age, socioeconomic status, and access to healthcare. Gender roles significantly impact health outcomes with the COVID-19 pandemic further accentuating the gender disparity in public health compliance. Using secondary data from a national health survey, this article aims to assess the gender-based characteristics and factors influencing health-seeking behaviour among the population in Malaysia.

Methods: This study was a secondary data analysis of the NHMS 2019, a cross-sectional national health survey using Andersen's Behavioural Model. It evaluated factors influencing self-medication and treatment-seeking based on socio-demographics, enabling conditions, and perceived health needs. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were conducted to identify factors influencing health-seeking behaviour among men and women.

Results: This study analysed the health-seeking behaviours of 10,933 Malaysian adults, representing 19.7 million people. The overall prevalence of sickness was 16.1% (95% CI = 14.8-17.4), with higher rates in women (18.1%; 95% CI = 95% CI = 16.3-19.9). Among those who were sick, 56.4% (95% CI = 52.9-60.0) sought professional treatment while 23.0% (95% CI = 19.8-26.2) self-medicated. Regression analysis showed that urban women and those rating their health poorly were more likely to seek professional care, while Chinese, those with no formal education, and retiree women were more likely to self-medicate. Among males, those with long-term condition are more likely to seek treatment while students were less likely to self-medicate compared to private employees.

Conclusion: The study reveals significant gender and sociodemographic disparities in health-seeking behaviour amongst Malaysian men and women. The factors that influence these health-seeking behaviour is unique for each gender. This emphasises the importance of targeted interventions which are gender-sensitive to address structural inequities and achieve equitable healthcare utilisation across all demographic groups in Malaysia.

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来源期刊
BMC Health Services Research
BMC Health Services Research 医学-卫生保健
CiteScore
4.40
自引率
7.10%
发文量
1372
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: BMC Health Services Research is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of health services research, including delivery of care, management of health services, assessment of healthcare needs, measurement of outcomes, allocation of healthcare resources, evaluation of different health markets and health services organizations, international comparative analysis of health systems, health economics and the impact of health policies and regulations.
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