{"title":"全面了解：对雇主和雇员来说，农村药房劳动力的推动因素和障碍是什么？2002-2022年的文献综述","authors":"Zikai He MPhil, MPharm, BPharm, Lisa Bourke PhD","doi":"10.1002/jppr.70007","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Purpose of review</h3>\n \n <p>Geographical maldistribution of pharmacists to regional and rural areas in Australia is well documented in a similar fashion to other health professions. This narrative review aimed to identify the enablers and barriers to staff recruitment and retention and ascertain the extent of evidence in the literature from the perspective of prospective employers.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Sources of information</h3>\n \n <p>A comprehensive literature search was undertaken for peer reviewed, English language articles published from 2002–2022 using non-Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms including ‘rural’, ‘remote’, ‘pharmacy’, ‘pharmacist’, ‘employer’, ‘manager’, ‘workforce’ and ‘practice’, with pharmacy-specific filters applied using databases MEDLINE/EBSCOhost, PudMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals). The themes identified were tabulated and analysed.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Key findings</h3>\n \n <p>A large number of themes were identified, and much of the literature focused on the perspectives of employees. The most commonly identified themes in the 12 studies included ‘rural origin or background/initial training’, ‘professional relationship with other health professionals’, and ‘lifestyle/lifestyle enabled by cost of housing and living’. Some previously highly regarded predictors such as ‘rural origin’ were less common.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\n \n <p>Recent studies suggest that positive experiences during rural clinical placements and initial employment after undergraduate study are likely to be statistically impactful. Only few themes were shared between employees and employers. The existing literature is heavily skewed towards the views of prospective employees, while relatively little regarding the views of employers. Further, original research from an employer's point of view, especially with regards to the challenges they face and any incentives they offer in attracting a pharmacist workforce to rural and regional areas, is needed.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":16795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Research","volume":"55 3","pages":"186-192"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jppr.70007","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Getting the full picture: what are the enablers and barriers to a rural pharmacy workforce for employers and employees? A critical review of literature from 2002–2022\",\"authors\":\"Zikai He MPhil, MPharm, BPharm, Lisa Bourke PhD\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/jppr.70007\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Purpose of review</h3>\\n \\n <p>Geographical maldistribution of pharmacists to regional and rural areas in Australia is well documented in a similar fashion to other health professions. This narrative review aimed to identify the enablers and barriers to staff recruitment and retention and ascertain the extent of evidence in the literature from the perspective of prospective employers.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Sources of information</h3>\\n \\n <p>A comprehensive literature search was undertaken for peer reviewed, English language articles published from 2002–2022 using non-Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms including ‘rural’, ‘remote’, ‘pharmacy’, ‘pharmacist’, ‘employer’, ‘manager’, ‘workforce’ and ‘practice’, with pharmacy-specific filters applied using databases MEDLINE/EBSCOhost, PudMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals). The themes identified were tabulated and analysed.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Key findings</h3>\\n \\n <p>A large number of themes were identified, and much of the literature focused on the perspectives of employees. The most commonly identified themes in the 12 studies included ‘rural origin or background/initial training’, ‘professional relationship with other health professionals’, and ‘lifestyle/lifestyle enabled by cost of housing and living’. Some previously highly regarded predictors such as ‘rural origin’ were less common.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\\n \\n <p>Recent studies suggest that positive experiences during rural clinical placements and initial employment after undergraduate study are likely to be statistically impactful. Only few themes were shared between employees and employers. The existing literature is heavily skewed towards the views of prospective employees, while relatively little regarding the views of employers. Further, original research from an employer's point of view, especially with regards to the challenges they face and any incentives they offer in attracting a pharmacist workforce to rural and regional areas, is needed.</p>\\n </section>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":16795,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Research\",\"volume\":\"55 3\",\"pages\":\"186-192\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-05-02\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jppr.70007\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jppr.70007\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jppr.70007","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Getting the full picture: what are the enablers and barriers to a rural pharmacy workforce for employers and employees? A critical review of literature from 2002–2022
Purpose of review
Geographical maldistribution of pharmacists to regional and rural areas in Australia is well documented in a similar fashion to other health professions. This narrative review aimed to identify the enablers and barriers to staff recruitment and retention and ascertain the extent of evidence in the literature from the perspective of prospective employers.
Sources of information
A comprehensive literature search was undertaken for peer reviewed, English language articles published from 2002–2022 using non-Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms including ‘rural’, ‘remote’, ‘pharmacy’, ‘pharmacist’, ‘employer’, ‘manager’, ‘workforce’ and ‘practice’, with pharmacy-specific filters applied using databases MEDLINE/EBSCOhost, PudMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals). The themes identified were tabulated and analysed.
Key findings
A large number of themes were identified, and much of the literature focused on the perspectives of employees. The most commonly identified themes in the 12 studies included ‘rural origin or background/initial training’, ‘professional relationship with other health professionals’, and ‘lifestyle/lifestyle enabled by cost of housing and living’. Some previously highly regarded predictors such as ‘rural origin’ were less common.
Conclusion
Recent studies suggest that positive experiences during rural clinical placements and initial employment after undergraduate study are likely to be statistically impactful. Only few themes were shared between employees and employers. The existing literature is heavily skewed towards the views of prospective employees, while relatively little regarding the views of employers. Further, original research from an employer's point of view, especially with regards to the challenges they face and any incentives they offer in attracting a pharmacist workforce to rural and regional areas, is needed.
期刊介绍：
The purpose of this document is to describe the structure, function and operations of the Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Research, the official journal of the Society of Hospital Pharmacists of Australia (SHPA). It is owned, published by and copyrighted to SHPA. However, the Journal is to some extent unique within SHPA in that it ‘…has complete editorial freedom in terms of content and is not under the direction of the Society or its Council in such matters…’. This statement, originally based on a Role Statement for the Editor-in-Chief 1993, is also based on the definition of ‘editorial independence’ from the World Association of Medical Editors and adopted by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors.
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