Determination of SCUBE-1, SCUBE-2, caveolin-1, and ischemia biomarker levels in rats following renal ischemia-reperfusion.

Purpose: To investigate the histopathological findings and serum levels of ischemia and oxidative stress biomarkers in a rat model of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Methods: Fifty-one female Wistar rats were randomly allocated into six groups: ischemia/third day, ischemia/first week, ischemia/second week, and corresponding control groups for each ischemia group. Each ischemia group had 10 rats, and each control group had seven. Ischemia was induced by clamping the left renal hilum for 45 min, followed by reperfusion. Relaparotomy was performed at designated time points, and blood and kidney samples were collected. Control groups underwent laparotomy without ischemia. Serum levels of signal peptide-complement C1r/C1s, Uegf, and Bmp1-epidermal growth factor-like domain-containing protein 1 and 2 (SCUBE-1/2), caveolin-1 (Cav-1), albumin, ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), IMA/albumin ratio (IMAR), creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen were analyzed, and histopathological examinations were undertaken.

Results: In the ischemia groups, serum levels of SCUBE-1, IMA, TAS, TOS, creatinine, IMAR, and OSI statistically significantly differed from those in the control groups. Serum Cav-1 levels showed a statistically significant difference between the third-day and first-week groups, whereas no statistically significant difference was observed between the ischemia and control groups in the second-week cohort.

Conclusion: Significant differences in ischemia and oxidative stress biomarkers, including SCUBE-1 and Cav-1, were observed. SCUBE-1 and Cav-1 may serve as potential biomarkers for assessing kidney injury, function, and recovery.