母乳喂养动机的基础：一项系统综述

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q1 NURSING

Midwifery Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI:10.1016/j.midw.2025.104475

María José Carrasco-López , Isabel Antón-Solanas , Eva Benito-Ruiz , Natalia Barrio-Forné , Carlos Navas-Ferrer , Enrique Ramón-Arbúes , Ana Belén Subirón-Valera

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引用次数: 0

摘要

母乳喂养是世界卫生组织（WHO）和联合国国际儿童紧急基金会（UNICEF）推荐的儿童和孕产妇健康的基本做法。然而，尽管纯母乳喂养的好处已得到证实，但在许多国家，纯母乳喂养率仍不理想。母亲的动机在母乳喂养的开始、延续和延长中起着至关重要的作用，但各种因素会对这种动机产生负面影响。目的本研究探讨了围绕母乳喂养的复杂动机动力学，包括母亲的内在动机和卫生专业人员的动机干预。方法进行了包括定性和定量调查在内的系统综述。制定了研究问题，并设计了搜索策略，以回顾过去三十年的PubMed， Scopus和Web of Science知识库，应用过滤器和资格标准。我们纳入了科学文章，其参与者是年龄在18-48岁的健康母亲，没有复杂的顺产分娩，以及她们健康的足月婴儿。该研究旨在分析母乳喂养的动机，从产前阶段到延长到世界卫生组织建议的两年以上。共有23项研究，从不同的角度和社会文化背景，被确定和恢复。平均母乳喂养时间比推荐的6个月短2.73个月。决定“尽可能长时间”母乳喂养和之前的母乳喂养经验与满足母乳喂养预期有关。相反，产妇年龄、剖腹产和社会环境因素会对母乳喂养过程产生负面影响。我们的研究结果强调了母亲的内在动机和医疗保健专业干预的影响，揭示了母乳喂养决定中心理、社会和文化因素的复杂相互作用。结论对整个母乳喂养阶段的母亲动机进行详尽的类型分析是可行的。动机动力可能各不相同，具体影响母乳喂养的专一性和持续时间。这些动态是由母性意图预见的，并得到有利于成功发展的自我效能的支持。此外，社会文化和临床变量调节动机途径。深入分析可以在人性化护理和制定创新卫生计划和政策的框架内进行更有效的专业干预。

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Underpinnings of breastfeeding motivation: A systematic review

Background

Breastfeeding is a fundamental practice for child and maternal health, recommended by the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF). However, despite its proven benefits, exclusive breastfeeding rates remain suboptimal in many countries. Mothers' motivation plays a crucial role in the initiation, continuation and prolongation of breastfeeding, but various factors can negatively influence this motivation.

Aim

This research explores the complex motivational dynamics surrounding breastfeeding, encompassing both the intrinsic motivation of mothers and the motivational interventions of health professionals.

Methods

A systematic review encompassing both qualitative and quantitative inquiries, was undertaken. Research questions were formulated, and a search strategy devised, to review PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science repositories, with a retrospective scope spanning the past three decades, applying filters and eligibility criteria. We included scientific articles whose participants were healthy mothers aged 18-48 years with uncomplicated eutocic deliveries, together with their healthy full-term infants. The study aimed to analyze the motivation for breastfeeding from the prenatal stage to prolongation beyond the two years recommended by the WHO.

Findings

A total of 23 studies, from a variety of perspectives and sociocultural contexts, were identified and recovered. Average breastfeeding duration was 2.73 months shorter than the recommended 6-month period. Deciding to breastfeed "as long as possible" and prior breastfeeding experience were associated with meeting breastfeeding expectations. Instead, maternal age, caesarean delivery, and socio-environmental factors negatively affected the breastfeeding process. Our findings highlighted intrinsic maternal motivations and the impact of healthcare professional interventions, revealing the complex interplay of psychological, social, and cultural factors in breastfeeding decisions.

Conclusion

An exhaustive typological analysis of maternal motivation throughout breastfeeding phases is feasible. Motivational dynamics may vary, concretely influencing breastfeeding exclusivity and duration. These dynamics are foreseen by maternal intent and bolstered by self-efficacy conducive to successful progression. Furthermore, sociocultural and clinical variables modulate motivational pathways. In-depth analysis allows for more effective professional interventions within the framework of humanized care and the development of innovative health plans and policies.

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来源期刊

Midwifery 医学-护理

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

7.40%

发文量

221

审稿时长

13.4 weeks

期刊介绍： Midwifery publishes the latest peer reviewed international research to inform the safety, quality, outcomes and experiences of pregnancy, birth and maternity care for childbearing women, their babies and families. The journal’s publications support midwives and maternity care providers to explore and develop their knowledge, skills and attitudes informed by best available evidence. Midwifery provides an international, interdisciplinary forum for the publication, dissemination and discussion of advances in evidence, controversies and current research, and promotes continuing education through publication of systematic and other scholarly reviews and updates. Midwifery articles cover the cultural, clinical, psycho-social, sociological, epidemiological, education, managerial, workforce, organizational and technological areas of practice in preconception, maternal and infant care. The journal welcomes the highest quality scholarly research that employs rigorous methodology. Midwifery is a leading international journal in midwifery and maternal health with a current impact factor of 1.861 (© Thomson Reuters Journal Citation Reports 2016) and employs a double-blind peer review process.