Yoon Jung Kim, Hyun Woo Choe, Soo Bin Yoon, Hyeonhoon Lee, Hee-Soo Kim, Jeong-Hwa Seo
{"title":"术前双耳节拍对异丙酚诱导全身麻醉剂量的影响:一项随机对照试验。","authors":"Yoon Jung Kim, Hyun Woo Choe, Soo Bin Yoon, Hyeonhoon Lee, Hee-Soo Kim, Jeong-Hwa Seo","doi":"10.1007/s12630-025-02993-5","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Brainwave entrainment with low-frequency binaural beats has shown sedative-sparing and anxiolytic effects. We sought to investigate whether the preoperative use of binaural beats could reduce the propofol dose for the induction of general anesthesia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled patients scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia in a randomized controlled trial. In the preoperative waiting area, we randomized patients to hear the binaural beats with frequencies of 432 and 431 Hz in the binaural-beats group (N = 34) or silent sound in the control group (N = 35) for 20 min via stereo headphones. For the induction of general anesthesia, we administered 10 mg of propofol every 15 sec until we observed three clinical signs: the loss of response to verbal commands of \"open your eyes\" (primary outcome), loss of eyelash reflex, and a patient state index of ≤ 50. We collected processed frontal electroencephalography data during the intervention and assessed anxiety scores before and after the intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The propofol dose for the loss of response to verbal commands was lower in the binaural-beats group than in the control group (mean [standard deviation], 87 [24] mg vs 105 [32] mg; difference in means, -18 mg; 95% confidence interval, -32 to -5; P = 0.009). There were no significant differences in the delta (P = 0.63), theta (P = 0.28), alpha (P = 0.24), and beta (P = 0.85) bands of the processed frontal electroencephalograms and the anxiety scores (P = 0.50).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Binaural beats with a frequency of 1 Hz modestly reduced the propofol dose for the induction of general anesthesia, but we observed no significant differences in the processed frontal electroencephalograms and preoperative anxiety levels.</p><p><strong>Study registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov ( NCT05431881 ); first submitted 9 June 2022.</p>","PeriodicalId":56145,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Anesthesia-Journal Canadien D Anesthesie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Effects of preoperative binaural beats on the propofol dose for induction of general anesthesia: a randomized controlled trial.\",\"authors\":\"Yoon Jung Kim, Hyun Woo Choe, Soo Bin Yoon, Hyeonhoon Lee, Hee-Soo Kim, Jeong-Hwa Seo\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s12630-025-02993-5\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Brainwave entrainment with low-frequency binaural beats has shown sedative-sparing and anxiolytic effects. We sought to investigate whether the preoperative use of binaural beats could reduce the propofol dose for the induction of general anesthesia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled patients scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia in a randomized controlled trial. In the preoperative waiting area, we randomized patients to hear the binaural beats with frequencies of 432 and 431 Hz in the binaural-beats group (N = 34) or silent sound in the control group (N = 35) for 20 min via stereo headphones. For the induction of general anesthesia, we administered 10 mg of propofol every 15 sec until we observed three clinical signs: the loss of response to verbal commands of \\\"open your eyes\\\" (primary outcome), loss of eyelash reflex, and a patient state index of ≤ 50. We collected processed frontal electroencephalography data during the intervention and assessed anxiety scores before and after the intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The propofol dose for the loss of response to verbal commands was lower in the binaural-beats group than in the control group (mean [standard deviation], 87 [24] mg vs 105 [32] mg; difference in means, -18 mg; 95% confidence interval, -32 to -5; P = 0.009). 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Effects of preoperative binaural beats on the propofol dose for induction of general anesthesia: a randomized controlled trial.
Purpose: Brainwave entrainment with low-frequency binaural beats has shown sedative-sparing and anxiolytic effects. We sought to investigate whether the preoperative use of binaural beats could reduce the propofol dose for the induction of general anesthesia.
Methods: We enrolled patients scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia in a randomized controlled trial. In the preoperative waiting area, we randomized patients to hear the binaural beats with frequencies of 432 and 431 Hz in the binaural-beats group (N = 34) or silent sound in the control group (N = 35) for 20 min via stereo headphones. For the induction of general anesthesia, we administered 10 mg of propofol every 15 sec until we observed three clinical signs: the loss of response to verbal commands of "open your eyes" (primary outcome), loss of eyelash reflex, and a patient state index of ≤ 50. We collected processed frontal electroencephalography data during the intervention and assessed anxiety scores before and after the intervention.
Results: The propofol dose for the loss of response to verbal commands was lower in the binaural-beats group than in the control group (mean [standard deviation], 87 [24] mg vs 105 [32] mg; difference in means, -18 mg; 95% confidence interval, -32 to -5; P = 0.009). There were no significant differences in the delta (P = 0.63), theta (P = 0.28), alpha (P = 0.24), and beta (P = 0.85) bands of the processed frontal electroencephalograms and the anxiety scores (P = 0.50).
Conclusion: Binaural beats with a frequency of 1 Hz modestly reduced the propofol dose for the induction of general anesthesia, but we observed no significant differences in the processed frontal electroencephalograms and preoperative anxiety levels.
Study registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ( NCT05431881 ); first submitted 9 June 2022.
期刊介绍:
The Canadian Journal of Anesthesia (the Journal) is owned by the Canadian Anesthesiologists’
Society and is published by Springer Science + Business Media, LLM (New York). From the
first year of publication in 1954, the international exposure of the Journal has broadened
considerably, with articles now received from over 50 countries. The Journal is published
monthly, and has an impact Factor (mean journal citation frequency) of 2.127 (in 2012). Article
types consist of invited editorials, reports of original investigations (clinical and basic sciences
articles), case reports/case series, review articles, systematic reviews, accredited continuing
professional development (CPD) modules, and Letters to the Editor. The editorial content,
according to the mission statement, spans the fields of anesthesia, acute and chronic pain,
perioperative medicine and critical care. In addition, the Journal publishes practice guidelines
and standards articles relevant to clinicians. Articles are published either in English or in French,
according to the language of submission.