一条单价染色体在小檗属植物中的性别决定(卷科:小檗科:小檗科)。

IF 2.1 4区 生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY
Biological Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-07 DOI:10.1086/734711
Asami Kajimoto, Ryuzo Yanagimachi, Tohru Takahashi, Yoichi Yusa
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要根头虫表现出明显的两性二态性,成年时雌性体型较大,雄性体型较小(=侏儒),但从卵期到幼虫期雄性体型大于雌性。雌雄同体的扁虾在性别比例上表现出季节性的变化,大多数雌性只产生雄性或雌性后代,尽管在秋季出现了一些混合性别的后代。此外,染色体数目与单性繁殖之间存在联系,其中仅生育雄性后代的雌性被认为具有2n=30的染色体数目,而仅生育雌性后代的雌性则具有2n=31的染色体数目。因此,性别比例的变化似乎有遗传和环境两方面的影响。然而,尚没有充分的研究表明,在根头类动物中尚存在性别决定机制。我们检测了在日本北海道小taro采集的雄性(较大)和雌性(较小)未受精卵和早期胚胎的染色体数量。未受精卵染色体数雌卵为n=16,雄卵为n=15,无例外。绝大多数(97.4%)女性胚胎的染色体数为2n=31,而所有男性胚胎的染色体数均为2n=30。我们认为雌性的单价染色体作为性染色体,薄叶菊具有一种特殊类型的雌性异配子(OW/OO系统)。这种性别决定系统似乎适合于控制后代的季节性性别比,正如我们所知道的那样。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Sex Determination by a Univalent Chromosome in the Rhizocephalan Peltogasterella gracilis (Cirripedia: Rhizocephala: Peltogasterellidae).

AbstractKentrogonid rhizocephalans show remarkable sexual dimorphism, with large females and much smaller (=dwarf) males as adults, although males are larger than females from the eggs to the larval stages. The kentrogonid Peltogasterella gracilis shows seasonal variation in sex ratio in that most females produce only male or female offspring, although some mixed-sex broods appear in autumn. Moreover, a link between chromosome number and the single-sex broods has been suggested, wherein females producing only male offspring are considered to have a chromosome number of 2n=30, whereas females producing only female offspring are 2n=31. Thus, there appear to be both genetic and environmental effects on variation in sex ratio. However, the mechanism of sex determination has not been fully studied in P. gracilis or any other rhizocephalans. We examined the number of chromosomes in male (larger) and female (smaller) unfertilized eggs and early-stage embryos of specimens collected in Otaru, Hokkaido, Japan. Chromosome number of unfertilized eggs was n=16 for female eggs and n=15 for male eggs, without exception. Moreover, chromosome number in most (97.4%) female embryos was 2n=31, while that of all male embryos was 2n=30. We suggest that a univalent chromosome of females acts as a sex chromosome and P. gracilis has a special type of female heterogamety (OW/OO system). This sex determination system appears to be suitable for controlling offspring sex ratio seasonally, as is known in this rhizocephalan.

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来源期刊
Biological Bulletin
Biological Bulletin 生物-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
6.20%
发文量
47
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Biological Bulletin disseminates novel scientific results in broadly related fields of biology in keeping with more than 100 years of a tradition of excellence. The Bulletin publishes outstanding original research with an overarching goal of explaining how organisms develop, function, and evolve in their natural environments. To that end, the journal publishes papers in the fields of Neurobiology and Behavior, Physiology and Biomechanics, Ecology and Evolution, Development and Reproduction, Cell Biology, Symbiosis and Systematics. The Bulletin emphasizes basic research on marine model systems but includes articles of an interdisciplinary nature when appropriate.
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