Madison F Muehl, Jill A Olin, James L Keyombe, Josephine Y Aller, Robert C Aller, Kamazima M M Lwiza, Michael G Frisk
{"title":"商业捕鱼影响了世界上最大的沙漠湖泊中鱼类的生活史。","authors":"Madison F Muehl, Jill A Olin, James L Keyombe, Josephine Y Aller, Robert C Aller, Kamazima M M Lwiza, Michael G Frisk","doi":"10.1111/jfb.70103","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lake Turkana, the world's largest permanent desert lake, is an important source of fish for both local consumption and international trade. The growth of Lake Turkana's commercial fishery has increased the risk of overexploiting the lake's fish stocks. Selection pressure from overexploitation of fish stocks often drives shifts in fish life-history traits, including mean length (L<sub>mean</sub>), maximum length (L<sub>max</sub>) and size at maturity (L<sub>mat</sub>). To assess the life-history indicators of overexploitation in Lake Turkana, we compared the life-history traits of six of Lake Turkana's major commercial fish species from three time periods (1930-1953, 1972-1975, 2010-2022) that represent distinct levels of fishing pressure. These focal species were the African butter catfish Schilbe uranoscopus Rüppell 1832, the elongate tigerfish Hydrocynus forskahlii (Cuvier 1819), Nile perch Lates niloticus (L. 1758), Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L. 1758), silversides Alestes baremose (Joannis 1835) and wahrindi Synodontis schall (Bloch and Schneider 1801). Heavily exploited species exhibited notable decreases in L<sub>mat</sub> as fishing pressure increased, and include A. baremose (29.7% decrease), H. forskahlii (16.4% decrease), L. niloticus (56.1% decrease) and O. niloticus (45.3% decrease). In contrast, lightly exploited species, including S. uranoscopus and S. schall, did not exhibit large declines in life-history traits. Additionally, we used current catch length frequency data for L. niloticus to infer that L. niloticus are currently experiencing overfishing and exhibit signs of the depletion of large 'mega-spawners'. These results suggest that heavy commercial fishing likely drives the observed life-history responses. We suggest that the management of sustainable fisheries in Lake Turkana should focus on gear size restrictions as well as on reducing fishing effort on commercial-sized fish to decrease the probability of overfishing and potential declines of stocks.</p>","PeriodicalId":15794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fish biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Commercial fishing influences the life histories of fish in the world's largest desert lake.\",\"authors\":\"Madison F Muehl, Jill A Olin, James L Keyombe, Josephine Y Aller, Robert C Aller, Kamazima M M Lwiza, Michael G Frisk\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/jfb.70103\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Lake Turkana, the world's largest permanent desert lake, is an important source of fish for both local consumption and international trade. The growth of Lake Turkana's commercial fishery has increased the risk of overexploiting the lake's fish stocks. Selection pressure from overexploitation of fish stocks often drives shifts in fish life-history traits, including mean length (L<sub>mean</sub>), maximum length (L<sub>max</sub>) and size at maturity (L<sub>mat</sub>). To assess the life-history indicators of overexploitation in Lake Turkana, we compared the life-history traits of six of Lake Turkana's major commercial fish species from three time periods (1930-1953, 1972-1975, 2010-2022) that represent distinct levels of fishing pressure. These focal species were the African butter catfish Schilbe uranoscopus Rüppell 1832, the elongate tigerfish Hydrocynus forskahlii (Cuvier 1819), Nile perch Lates niloticus (L. 1758), Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L. 1758), silversides Alestes baremose (Joannis 1835) and wahrindi Synodontis schall (Bloch and Schneider 1801). Heavily exploited species exhibited notable decreases in L<sub>mat</sub> as fishing pressure increased, and include A. baremose (29.7% decrease), H. forskahlii (16.4% decrease), L. niloticus (56.1% decrease) and O. niloticus (45.3% decrease). In contrast, lightly exploited species, including S. uranoscopus and S. schall, did not exhibit large declines in life-history traits. Additionally, we used current catch length frequency data for L. niloticus to infer that L. niloticus are currently experiencing overfishing and exhibit signs of the depletion of large 'mega-spawners'. These results suggest that heavy commercial fishing likely drives the observed life-history responses. We suggest that the management of sustainable fisheries in Lake Turkana should focus on gear size restrictions as well as on reducing fishing effort on commercial-sized fish to decrease the probability of overfishing and potential declines of stocks.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":15794,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of fish biology\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-06-26\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of fish biology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.70103\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"FISHERIES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of fish biology","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.70103","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"FISHERIES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Commercial fishing influences the life histories of fish in the world's largest desert lake.
Lake Turkana, the world's largest permanent desert lake, is an important source of fish for both local consumption and international trade. The growth of Lake Turkana's commercial fishery has increased the risk of overexploiting the lake's fish stocks. Selection pressure from overexploitation of fish stocks often drives shifts in fish life-history traits, including mean length (Lmean), maximum length (Lmax) and size at maturity (Lmat). To assess the life-history indicators of overexploitation in Lake Turkana, we compared the life-history traits of six of Lake Turkana's major commercial fish species from three time periods (1930-1953, 1972-1975, 2010-2022) that represent distinct levels of fishing pressure. These focal species were the African butter catfish Schilbe uranoscopus Rüppell 1832, the elongate tigerfish Hydrocynus forskahlii (Cuvier 1819), Nile perch Lates niloticus (L. 1758), Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L. 1758), silversides Alestes baremose (Joannis 1835) and wahrindi Synodontis schall (Bloch and Schneider 1801). Heavily exploited species exhibited notable decreases in Lmat as fishing pressure increased, and include A. baremose (29.7% decrease), H. forskahlii (16.4% decrease), L. niloticus (56.1% decrease) and O. niloticus (45.3% decrease). In contrast, lightly exploited species, including S. uranoscopus and S. schall, did not exhibit large declines in life-history traits. Additionally, we used current catch length frequency data for L. niloticus to infer that L. niloticus are currently experiencing overfishing and exhibit signs of the depletion of large 'mega-spawners'. These results suggest that heavy commercial fishing likely drives the observed life-history responses. We suggest that the management of sustainable fisheries in Lake Turkana should focus on gear size restrictions as well as on reducing fishing effort on commercial-sized fish to decrease the probability of overfishing and potential declines of stocks.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Fish Biology is a leading international journal for scientists engaged in all aspects of fishes and fisheries research, both fresh water and marine. The journal publishes high-quality papers relevant to the central theme of fish biology and aims to bring together under one cover an overall picture of the research in progress and to provide international communication among researchers in many disciplines with a common interest in the biology of fish.
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