Comparative analysis of high-temperature corrosion processes of beryllides of different compositions

Beryllium intermetallic compounds, such as titanium beryllide (Be₁₂Ti), chromium beryllide (Be₁₂Cr), and zirconium beryllide (Be₂Zr), exhibit exceptional physicochemical properties, making them promising materials for diverse scientific and energy applications. Among them, Be₁₂Ti is the leading candidate for neutron multiplier use in future European projects employing the Helium Cooled Pebble Bed (HCPB) concept and solid blanket systems of ITER and DEMO-type reactors, due to its high melting point, radiation-induced swelling, low activation, and excellent corrosion resistance. To broaden the scope of material selection, exploring alternative compounds has gained importance. Having properties similar to Be₁₂Ti, chromium beryllide Be₁₂Cr demonstrates potential as a possible option, including high thermal and radiation resistance, although its corrosion resistance in vapor-gas medium requires further research. Beyond fusion applications, beryllides have potential in other domains. For example, Be₂Zr exhibits remarkable properties for hydrogen energy, such as forming stable hydride phases, making it an excellent candidate for hydrogen storage systems. These investigations are especially relevant for advancing hydrogen and fusion energy technologies in Kazakhstan. Ulba Metallurgical Plant JSC, a leader in beryllium material production, synthesizes not only Be₁₂Ti, Be₁₂Cr and Be₂Zr, but also less studied beryllides.

This study performs a comparative analysis of high-temperature corrosion in beryllides with varying compositions. A series of experiments were conducted to investigate the corrosion mechanisms under vapor-gas mediums with different isotopic compositions using non-isothermal heating across a wide temperature range. Key features of beryllide corrosion were revealed, including time-dependent changes in sample mass and gas-phase composition during linear heating. Corrosion behaviors of different beryllide compositions were established, and temperature-dependent reaction rates determined. These findings enhance understanding of beryllide corrosion properties, providing a scientific basis for their potential in fusion and hydrogen technologies.