一种难以捉摸的猛禽,欧亚苍鹰(Accipiter gentilis)羽化后的运动:散布规模,觅食范围和栖息地在英格兰低地的相互作用

IF 1.8 3区 生物学 Q1 ORNITHOLOGY
Ibis Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI:10.1111/ibi.13403
Ian G. Henderson, Madeleine Barton, Anna Field, Rob Husbands, Gareth Jones, Neal Armour-Chelu, Greg Conway
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引用次数: 0

摘要

研究高营养水平掠食性物种对环境梯度的响应有助于我们理解对捕食者及其猎物的适应、依赖和风险。许多这类物种由于其缓慢的生活史和对威胁的更大敏感性而受到高度关注,尤其是在有组织的人为景观中,这些景观有可能改变甚至扭曲捕食者-猎物动态。然而,在研究范围广泛且行为隐秘的物种时,存在观察困难。欧亚苍鹰(Accipiter gentilis)具有上述所有特征,这是一种难以捉摸的物种,其运动和栖息地联系在大地理尺度上很难量化。在英国,这个物种引起了更大的兴趣,因为这个种群正在从历史迫害的影响中恢复过来。在这里,我们使用远程跟踪方法收集空间精确的数据积累,以可靠地描述欧亚苍鹰在从巢环境独立的最初几个月(称为“第一个冬天”)的运动规模和栖息地使用。这些数据取自英格兰的两个地区,以便更好地代表低地栖息地的地理分布。第一冬季欧亚苍鹰表现出强烈的亲缘性特征,一旦定居下来,其出生时的分散程度就很低。他们采用定居和本地化的觅食模式,大约90%的时间平均直径小于5公里,位于繁殖栖息地的外围,以农田或农田边缘为中心,与以森林为中心的成年人不同。与雌性相比,雄性在第一个冬季对农田的使用尤其明显,我们推测这可能是由竞争排斥或狩猎优势驱动的。研究结果将在未来种群恢复和定植的背景下进行讨论,同时认识到现有和新出现的威胁,包括高致病性禽流感和滴虫病等疾病。这项研究还从方法论上展示了追踪技术的能力,它可以帮助我们更好地了解捕食者,进而进一步了解捕食作为一种对变化(如土地利用实践)的反应,这种变化可以塑造观察到的冲突模式。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Post-fledging movements in an elusive raptor, the Eurasian Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis): scale of dispersal, foraging range and habitat interactions in lowland England

Studies of the response of high-trophic-level predatory species to environmental gradients contribute to our understanding of adaptation, dependency and risk, both to the predator and its prey. Many such species are of high conservation concern because of a slow life history and a greater susceptibility to threats, not least in organized anthropogenic landscapes that have the propensity to modify or even distort predator–prey dynamics. There are, however, observational difficulties in studying species that are wide-ranging and furtive in their behaviour. All the above characteristics are shared by the Eurasian Goshawk Accipiter gentilis, a highly elusive species for which the movements and habitat associations are poorly quantified at large geographical scales. In Great Britain, this species is of further interest because the population is recovering from the historical impacts of persecution. Here we used remote tracking methods to gather spatially accurate accumulations of data for reliable depictions of movement scale and habitat use in Eurasian Goshawks during the early months of independence from the nest environment (termed ‘first-winter’). The data were taken from two regions of England for good geographical representation of lowland habitats. First-winter Eurasian Goshawks exhibited strongly philopatric characteristics with low levels of natal dispersal once settled. They adopted sedentary and localized foraging patterns, averaging less than 5 km in diameter for approximately 90% of the time, located on the periphery of breeding habitat and centred on farmland or farmland edge, unlike the more forest-centric adults. The use of farmland was especially the case for the first-winter males compared with females, which we speculate may be driven by competitive exclusion or hunting advantages. The results are discussed in the context of future population recovery and colonization, while recognizing existing and emerging threats, including diseases such as highly pathogenic avian influenza and trichomonosis. The study also serves as a methodological demonstration of the capacity for tracking technology to contribute more to our understanding of predators and, by extension, predation as a response to change (such as land-use practice), that can shape observed patterns of conflict.

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来源期刊
Ibis
Ibis 生物-鸟类学
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
9.50%
发文量
118
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: IBIS publishes original papers, reviews, short communications and forum articles reflecting the forefront of international research activity in ornithological science, with special emphasis on the behaviour, ecology, evolution and conservation of birds. IBIS aims to publish as rapidly as is consistent with the requirements of peer-review and normal publishing constraints.
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