Robert G Hart, Eric E Smith, Angela Wang, Hardi Mundl, Pablo Colorado, Raed A Joundi, Aristeidis H Katsanos, Mukul Sharma, Ashkan Shoamanesh
{"title":"急性非心源性缺血性卒中患者隐蔽性脑梗死的位置、大小和危险因素：PACIFIC-STROKE试验","authors":"Robert G Hart, Eric E Smith, Angela Wang, Hardi Mundl, Pablo Colorado, Raed A Joundi, Aristeidis H Katsanos, Mukul Sharma, Ashkan Shoamanesh","doi":"10.1177/23969873251344485","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Covert brain infarcts (CBIs) identified by imaging are more frequent than symptomatic ischemic strokes and are usually small and/or involve non-eloquent brain areas. The spectrum of incident CBIs in patients following acute ischemic stroke has not been well characterized.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Exploratory observational cohort study of the size, location, multiplicity and risk factors of incident CBIs identified using serial MRIs in patients with acute non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke participating in the PACIFIC-STROKE trial.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Incident CBIs were identified in 16% (220/1358) of participants during the mean 5.6-month interval between MRIs. Single incident CBIs occurred in 150 (68%) of incident CBI patients and multiple CBIs in 70 (32%); 42% (93/220) of incident CBI patients had a single, small, subcortical CBI. There was no clear relationship between the location of incident CBI and the location of index stroke. Significant independent features associated with incident CBI included diabetes (adjusted OR 1.52, 95%CI 1.09-2.12), current tobacco use (adjusted OR 1.50, 95%CI 1.07-2.09), prior stroke/TIA (adjusted OR 1.59, 95%CI 1.08-2.36), carotid artery atherosclerosis (adjusted OR 1.47, 95%CI 1.07-2.02), and diastolic blood pressure (adjusted OR 1.02 per 1 mmHg increase, 95%CI 1.01-1.04).</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>Incident CBIs in patients following acute non-cardioembolic stroke were frequent, usually small and subcortical, and associated with traditional stroke risk factors. Observations from PACIFIC-STROKE, particularly the absence of correlation between the location of incident CBI and the index infarct and the high frequency of incident small, subcortical CBIs, suggest that incident CBI pathogenesis is complex and heterogeneous in this population.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>https://clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04304508).</p>","PeriodicalId":46821,"journal":{"name":"European Stroke Journal","volume":" ","pages":"23969873251344485"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170543/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Location, size, and risk factors of incident covert brain infarcts in patients with acute non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke: PACIFIC-STROKE trial.\",\"authors\":\"Robert G Hart, Eric E Smith, Angela Wang, Hardi Mundl, Pablo Colorado, Raed A Joundi, Aristeidis H Katsanos, Mukul Sharma, Ashkan Shoamanesh\",\"doi\":\"10.1177/23969873251344485\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Covert brain infarcts (CBIs) identified by imaging are more frequent than symptomatic ischemic strokes and are usually small and/or involve non-eloquent brain areas. The spectrum of incident CBIs in patients following acute ischemic stroke has not been well characterized.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Exploratory observational cohort study of the size, location, multiplicity and risk factors of incident CBIs identified using serial MRIs in patients with acute non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke participating in the PACIFIC-STROKE trial.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Incident CBIs were identified in 16% (220/1358) of participants during the mean 5.6-month interval between MRIs. Single incident CBIs occurred in 150 (68%) of incident CBI patients and multiple CBIs in 70 (32%); 42% (93/220) of incident CBI patients had a single, small, subcortical CBI. There was no clear relationship between the location of incident CBI and the location of index stroke. Significant independent features associated with incident CBI included diabetes (adjusted OR 1.52, 95%CI 1.09-2.12), current tobacco use (adjusted OR 1.50, 95%CI 1.07-2.09), prior stroke/TIA (adjusted OR 1.59, 95%CI 1.08-2.36), carotid artery atherosclerosis (adjusted OR 1.47, 95%CI 1.07-2.02), and diastolic blood pressure (adjusted OR 1.02 per 1 mmHg increase, 95%CI 1.01-1.04).</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>Incident CBIs in patients following acute non-cardioembolic stroke were frequent, usually small and subcortical, and associated with traditional stroke risk factors. 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Location, size, and risk factors of incident covert brain infarcts in patients with acute non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke: PACIFIC-STROKE trial.
Introduction: Covert brain infarcts (CBIs) identified by imaging are more frequent than symptomatic ischemic strokes and are usually small and/or involve non-eloquent brain areas. The spectrum of incident CBIs in patients following acute ischemic stroke has not been well characterized.
Patients and methods: Exploratory observational cohort study of the size, location, multiplicity and risk factors of incident CBIs identified using serial MRIs in patients with acute non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke participating in the PACIFIC-STROKE trial.
Results: Incident CBIs were identified in 16% (220/1358) of participants during the mean 5.6-month interval between MRIs. Single incident CBIs occurred in 150 (68%) of incident CBI patients and multiple CBIs in 70 (32%); 42% (93/220) of incident CBI patients had a single, small, subcortical CBI. There was no clear relationship between the location of incident CBI and the location of index stroke. Significant independent features associated with incident CBI included diabetes (adjusted OR 1.52, 95%CI 1.09-2.12), current tobacco use (adjusted OR 1.50, 95%CI 1.07-2.09), prior stroke/TIA (adjusted OR 1.59, 95%CI 1.08-2.36), carotid artery atherosclerosis (adjusted OR 1.47, 95%CI 1.07-2.02), and diastolic blood pressure (adjusted OR 1.02 per 1 mmHg increase, 95%CI 1.01-1.04).
Discussion and conclusion: Incident CBIs in patients following acute non-cardioembolic stroke were frequent, usually small and subcortical, and associated with traditional stroke risk factors. Observations from PACIFIC-STROKE, particularly the absence of correlation between the location of incident CBI and the index infarct and the high frequency of incident small, subcortical CBIs, suggest that incident CBI pathogenesis is complex and heterogeneous in this population.
期刊介绍：
Launched in 2016 the European Stroke Journal (ESJ) is the official journal of the European Stroke Organisation (ESO), a professional non-profit organization with over 1,400 individual members, and affiliations to numerous related national and international societies. ESJ covers clinical stroke research from all fields, including clinical trials, epidemiology, primary and secondary prevention, diagnosis, acute and post-acute management, guidelines, translation of experimental findings into clinical practice, rehabilitation, organisation of stroke care, and societal impact. It is open to authors from all relevant medical and health professions. Article types include review articles, original research, protocols, guidelines, editorials and letters to the Editor. Through ESJ, authors and researchers have gained a new platform for the rapid and professional publication of peer reviewed scientific material of the highest standards; publication in ESJ is highly competitive. The journal and its editorial team has developed excellent cooperation with sister organisations such as the World Stroke Organisation and the International Journal of Stroke, and the American Heart Organization/American Stroke Association and the journal Stroke. ESJ is fully peer-reviewed and is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Issues are published 4 times a year (March, June, September and December) and articles are published OnlineFirst prior to issue publication.
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