Genotypic ranking and repeatability coefficient in elephant grass genotypes for biomass production for energy applications

Energy demand has become a global bottleneck, and the search for alternative sources is intensifying worldwide. In this context, elephant grass emerges as an excellent alternative due to its high dry matter production capacity coupled with beneficial biomass quality, high fiber content, high C/N ratio, and high calorific value. Given the significance of forage in bioenergy production, this study aimed to estimate the adaptability and stability parameters through mixed models (restricted maximum likelihood/best linear unbiased prediction [REML/BLUP) and repeatability for the selection of the best elephant grass genotypes. Seventy-three genotypes were evaluated in a randomized block design with three replicates from the Active Elephant Grass Germplasm Bank of the State University of Northern Rio de Janeiro, located in Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil. Dry matter yield, number of tillers, plant height, and stem diameter were evaluated. The statistical analysis was based on mixed models using REML/BLUP. The repeatability values obtained demonstrated that the genotypes' performance remained consistent across all measurements, with eight measurements necessary to ensure the selection of the best genotypes. The genotypes King Grass, Taiwan A-46, Pasto Panamá, Três Rios, and Guaçu/I.Z.2 were the most productive, adaptable, and stable, displaying potential for cultivation in the northern region of Rio de Janeiro and for use in breeding programs.