Evaluation of peripheral perfusion index in predicting blood product need for trauma patients.

Background: Early detection of hemorrhagic shock and the need for blood product replacement in trauma patients is crucial. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of peripheral perfusion index (PPI) measurements in determining the severity of hemorrhagic shock and predicting the need for blood product replacement in trauma patients.

Methods: A total of 43 patients who presented to the emergency department due to trauma and were diagnosed with hemorrhagic shock according to the Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) guidelines were included in this prospective cross-sectional study. Demographic characteristics, vital signs, laboratory parameters, PPI values, ATLS shock classification, and blood product replacement status were evaluated.

Results: The median age of the patients was 35 years (range: 18-94), and 12 (27.9%) were female. The median PPI value was 1.30 (range: 0.15-10.00), and 23 (53.5%) patients received blood product replacement. PPI values were found to be statistically significantly lower in patients who received blood product replacement compared to those who did not. The PPI values of ATLS Class I patients were statistically significantly higher than those of ATLS Class III and IV patients. Among patients in the Class II shock group, the PPI value was 0.75 (range: 0.30-4.70) in patients who received blood product replacement and 2.20 (range: 1.10-10.00) in those who did not, indicating a statistically significant difference between the groups. According to the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis performed to determine the effectiveness of PPI measurement in predicting the need for blood product replacement in Class II shock patients, the cut-off value was 1.2.

Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrated that PPI values were lower in patients who required blood product replacement due to traumatic shock compared to those who did not. These results suggest that PPI measurements may serve as an effective assessment method for predicting the need for blood product replacement, particularly in patients in the Class II shock group according to the ATLS shock classification.