{"title":"埃尔比勒市加油站工作人员重金属暴露职业健康风险评价","authors":"Sara Abdulkhaliq Yasin, Zhian Rashid Salih","doi":"10.1002/jat.4827","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The level of heavy metals (HMs) such as chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), selenium (Se), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), and vanadium (V) was measured in dust during July and August of 2024, from 39 different gas stations within Erbil city. The test was conducted to assess the contamination levels and the possible cancer and noncancer risks. The metal concentrations in mg/kg ranged from highest to lowest as follows: (Zn) 4912.41, (Mn) 1501.80, (Fe) 1287.23, (Cu) 543.72, (Pb) 365.34, (Cr) 201.54, (Ni) 164.07, (V) 124.78, (As) 111.74, (Co) 48.30, (Se) 1.17, and (Hg) 1.14 (mg/kg). Among the metals, Hg had the lowest concentration of 1.14 mg/kg, while Zn had the highest level of 4912.41 mg/kg. Each metal's noncancer and cancer risks through inhalation, ingestion, and dermal routes were estimated using the hazard quotient (HQ), hazardous index (HI), and cancer risk (CR). The computed hazardous quotient and hazardous index indicated no risk of noncarcinogenic effects of all metals, with a value of 3.45E-02. However, the carcinogenic risk results suggest that all metals pose a risk exceeding the local population's safe range, with a value of 2.69 E-04.</p>","PeriodicalId":15242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Occupational Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Exposure `Among Gas Station Workers in Erbil City.\",\"authors\":\"Sara Abdulkhaliq Yasin, Zhian Rashid Salih\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/jat.4827\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>The level of heavy metals (HMs) such as chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), selenium (Se), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), and vanadium (V) was measured in dust during July and August of 2024, from 39 different gas stations within Erbil city. The test was conducted to assess the contamination levels and the possible cancer and noncancer risks. The metal concentrations in mg/kg ranged from highest to lowest as follows: (Zn) 4912.41, (Mn) 1501.80, (Fe) 1287.23, (Cu) 543.72, (Pb) 365.34, (Cr) 201.54, (Ni) 164.07, (V) 124.78, (As) 111.74, (Co) 48.30, (Se) 1.17, and (Hg) 1.14 (mg/kg). Among the metals, Hg had the lowest concentration of 1.14 mg/kg, while Zn had the highest level of 4912.41 mg/kg. Each metal's noncancer and cancer risks through inhalation, ingestion, and dermal routes were estimated using the hazard quotient (HQ), hazardous index (HI), and cancer risk (CR). The computed hazardous quotient and hazardous index indicated no risk of noncarcinogenic effects of all metals, with a value of 3.45E-02. However, the carcinogenic risk results suggest that all metals pose a risk exceeding the local population's safe range, with a value of 2.69 E-04.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":15242,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Applied Toxicology\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-06-09\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Applied Toxicology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/jat.4827\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"TOXICOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Applied Toxicology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jat.4827","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"TOXICOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Occupational Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Exposure `Among Gas Station Workers in Erbil City.
The level of heavy metals (HMs) such as chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), selenium (Se), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), and vanadium (V) was measured in dust during July and August of 2024, from 39 different gas stations within Erbil city. The test was conducted to assess the contamination levels and the possible cancer and noncancer risks. The metal concentrations in mg/kg ranged from highest to lowest as follows: (Zn) 4912.41, (Mn) 1501.80, (Fe) 1287.23, (Cu) 543.72, (Pb) 365.34, (Cr) 201.54, (Ni) 164.07, (V) 124.78, (As) 111.74, (Co) 48.30, (Se) 1.17, and (Hg) 1.14 (mg/kg). Among the metals, Hg had the lowest concentration of 1.14 mg/kg, while Zn had the highest level of 4912.41 mg/kg. Each metal's noncancer and cancer risks through inhalation, ingestion, and dermal routes were estimated using the hazard quotient (HQ), hazardous index (HI), and cancer risk (CR). The computed hazardous quotient and hazardous index indicated no risk of noncarcinogenic effects of all metals, with a value of 3.45E-02. However, the carcinogenic risk results suggest that all metals pose a risk exceeding the local population's safe range, with a value of 2.69 E-04.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Applied Toxicology publishes peer-reviewed original reviews and hypothesis-driven research articles on mechanistic, fundamental and applied research relating to the toxicity of drugs and chemicals at the molecular, cellular, tissue, target organ and whole body level in vivo (by all relevant routes of exposure) and in vitro / ex vivo. All aspects of toxicology are covered (including but not limited to nanotoxicology, genomics and proteomics, teratogenesis, carcinogenesis, mutagenesis, reproductive and endocrine toxicology, toxicopathology, target organ toxicity, systems toxicity (eg immunotoxicity), neurobehavioral toxicology, mechanistic studies, biochemical and molecular toxicology, novel biomarkers, pharmacokinetics/PBPK, risk assessment and environmental health studies) and emphasis is given to papers of clear application to human health, and/or advance mechanistic understanding and/or provide significant contributions and impact to their field.