物理防御的军备竞赛:Macaranga蚂蚁植物的钩状毛状体杀死lycaenid毛虫,但有一种专家有反制防御。

IF 2.8 2区 生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY
Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-06 DOI:10.1098/rsbl.2025.0005
Ritabrata Chowdhury, T Ulmar Grafe, Faizah Metali, Walter Federle
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引用次数: 0

摘要

昆虫和化学植物防御的共同进化被描述为一场军备竞赛,但目前尚不清楚物理植物防御是否能产生类似的结果。在这里,我们报告了蚂蚁与Macaranga树之间互惠关系中以前未知的相互作用。尽管Macaranga树可以很好地保护自己不受侵略性蚂蚁的侵害,但Arhopala属的毛虫(鳞翅目:Lycaenidae)可以通过分泌花蜜状的分泌物来安抚蚂蚁,从而以树叶为食。一种植物蚁,M. trachyphylla,在其绿色的表面上有钩状的毛。当把Arhopala毛虫放在M. trachyphylla茎或叶柄上时,与其他Macaranga物种(A. major、A. dajagaka和A. zylda)有关联的Arhopala毛虫会被刺穿角质层的尖锐毛迅速捕获,导致快速出血和被蚂蚁清除而死亡。与之形成鲜明对比的是,天然生长在短叶棘球绦虫上的两栖棘球绦虫毛虫可以轻松地穿过钩状的毛状体而不受任何伤害。由于钩状毛状体是Macaranga的一种新特征,这种相互作用提供了一个物理植物防御从头开始进化的例子,而这种进化又被一种专门的食草动物克服了。我们的研究表明,植物的物理防御可以导致类似于化学防御的进化军备竞赛。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Arms race of physical defences: hooked trichomes of Macaranga ant-plants kill lycaenid caterpillars, but one specialist has a counter-defence.

The coevolution of insects and chemical plant defences has been described as an arms race, but it is unclear whether physical plant defences can produce similar outcomes. Here, we report a previously unknown interaction from the mutualism between ants and Macaranga trees. Although Macaranga trees are well protected against herbivory by aggressive ants, caterpillars of the genus Arhopala (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) can feed on the leaves by appeasing the ants with nectar-like secretions. One ant-plant species, M. trachyphylla, bears hooked trichomes on its green surfaces. When placed on M. trachyphylla stems or petioles, Arhopala caterpillars associated with other Macaranga species (A. major, A. dajagaka and A. zylda) were quickly arrested by the sharp trichomes that pierced their cuticle, resulting in death by rapid blood loss and removal by ants. In striking contrast, A. amphimuta caterpillars, which occur naturally on M. trachyphylla, could easily walk over the hooked trichomes without any injury. As hooked trichomes are a novel trait within Macaranga, this interaction provides an example of de novo evolution of a physical plant defence, which in turn has been overcome by a specialist herbivore. Our study suggests that physical plant defences can lead to evolutionary arms races similar to those for chemical defences.

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来源期刊
Biology Letters
Biology Letters 生物-进化生物学
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
3.00%
发文量
164
审稿时长
1.0 months
期刊介绍: Previously a supplement to Proceedings B, and launched as an independent journal in 2005, Biology Letters is a primarily online, peer-reviewed journal that publishes short, high-quality articles, reviews and opinion pieces from across the biological sciences. The scope of Biology Letters is vast - publishing high-quality research in any area of the biological sciences. However, we have particular strengths in the biology, evolution and ecology of whole organisms. We also publish in other areas of biology, such as molecular ecology and evolution, environmental science, and phylogenetics.
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