Bibliometric Analysis on the Central Regulation of Airway Allergic Hyperreactivity Diseases Based on Bibliometric Analysis: From Lung-Brain Axis to Nasal-Brain Axis.

Aim: This study aimed to systematically analyze the neuro-regulation mechanisms of airway hyperreactivity disease using bibliometrics, focusing on the research status and progress of two key regulatory networks: the "lung-brain axis" and the "nasal-brain axis", to further characterize the "nasal-brain axis".

Methods: A bibliometric analysis of 626 articles published between 1991 and 2024 was conducted to assess the growing interest in the impact of neuro-immune mechanisms and psychological stress on airway diseases, including asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR).

Results: The study findings revealed that interactions between neuro-immune signaling pathways and the central nervous system are crucial for understanding airway hyperreactivity, with the United States leading research contributions. Key themes identified in this study include allergic asthma, neuroinflammation, and the lung-brain axis, revealing bidirectional communication pathways between peripheral and central immune responses.

Conclusion: Based on studies of asthma and the lung-brain axis, we anticipate that AR and the nasal-brain axis likely involve similar neuro-immune mechanisms and peripheral-central response circuits. The nasal-brain axis theory was further supported by its integration with the unified airway hypothesis, solidifying its role as a crucial regulatory mechanism in airway inflammation research.