Correlation between vitamin D3 serum levels and jaw bone density of candidates for dental implant treatment using CBCT.

Background: Little information is available about the effect of vitamin D on jaw bone density, and human studies about this entity are scarce. Vitamin D deficiency weakens bone regeneration and is responsible for many systemic diseases, such as chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, etc.

Methods: Fifty candidates for dental implant treatment aged 20‒60 were randomly chosen at the Implantology Department of the Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Fifteen patients were male, and 35 were female, and they were examined for their vitamin D3 serum levels. All the patients had cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) radiographic images. According to their vitamin D3 levels, they were split into three groups: deficient, insufficient, and sufficient, and the density of bone was evaluated using the mean calculated Hounsfield unit from the Planmeca Romexis software.

Results: In the vitamin D3-deficient group, the mandibular bone of both males and females demonstrated lower bone densities; however, there was no significant correlation between bone density and vitamin D3 serum levels in either the maxilla or the mandible.

Conclusion: This study could not find a correlation between the serum levels of vitamin D3 and the bone density of the jaws. Further studies are necessary in this respect.