Association between triglyceride-glucose index and hypertension in adults with cancer from NHANES 2005-2018: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is linked to hypertension development.The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a proposed alternative biochemical marker for IR. This study aimed to explore the relationship between TyG and hypertension in adults with cancer.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 1,222 cancer adults patients from the NHANES dataset (2005-2018). Demographics, medical history, lifestyle factors, and lab tests were assessed. Multivariable logistic regression, subgroup analysis, and smooth curve-fitting techniques were used.

Results: Among 1,222 eligible participants, 775 (56.29%) had hypertension. When TyG was assessed as a continuous variable, higher TyG levels were significantly associated with increased hypertension prevalence (OR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.09-2.11; p = 0.015) after adjusting for covariates. When TyG was analyzed as quartiles, compared to individuals with lower TyG Q1 (7.0-8.3), the adjusted OR values for TyG and hypertension in Q2 (8.3-8.7), Q3 (8.7-9.1), and Q4 (9.1-10.7) were 1.32 (95% CI: 0.85-2.06, p = 0.022), 1.63 (95% CI: 1.01-2.64, p = 0.043), and 1.68 (95% CI: 1.09-2.84, p = 0.041), respectively. The data were stratified by age, sex, marital status, education level, and family income. Stratified analysis revealed no significant interactions among subgroups (all p-Values > 0.05). Analysis using restricted cubic splines(RCS) suggested a linear relationship between TyG and hypertension in adults with cancer.

Conclusions: Higher TyG levels are associated with an increased risk of hypertension in adults with cancer.