Otolaryngology Education in Medical Training: A Literature Review of Current Practice, Challenges, and Future Directions.

Introduction: Concerns about the adequacy of ENT education are widespread, particularly in the UK. Limited exposure during undergraduate and postgraduate training are key factors. This review aims to synthesize the literature on ENT education, identify gaps, and explore strategies for improvement.

Methods: A literature search was conducted on Ovid Medline, supplemented by bibliography and citation tracking. Studies focusing on ENT higher surgical training programs were excluded. A narrative synthesis was performed.

Results: Medical students and postgraduate doctors frequently reported insufficient ENT education, leading to under-preparedness for ENT practice. Undergraduate ENT curricula varied widely, with limited placement durations and inconsistent content delivery. Innovative educational interventions were found to enhance knowledge and confidence. However, students consistently valued direct patient interaction over technology alone.

Conclusion: ENT education at the undergraduate level remains inconsistent, necessitating further action in the development of standardized curricula, and integration of technology with clinical exposure.