Unveiling the Magnetized Nature of X-Ray Binaries: Cyclotron Line Insights Title

Studying the variations of measured cyclotron lines plays a crucial role in gaining insights into the physical processes of accretion in magnetized neutron stars. Our research focuses on the formation and distribution of magnetic fields in various high-mass x-ray binaries (HMXBs). Comparing these sources reveals valuable information about their origin and evolutionary history. It is worth noting that the presence of varying cyclotron lines can be attributed to the influence of accretion dynamics, which provides valuable information about the characteristics of the magnetic field. In addition, by visualizing data, we employ the Kernel Density Estimation method, to provide a robust framework for understanding the distribution of magnetic fields. We observed clear patterns of clustering in the energy range of (10–35) keV, which corresponds to magnetic fields of around $\left(2\text{–}4\right)\times 10^{12}$ G. This clustering indicates a shared magnetic field characteristics across these systems, suggesting a possible common origin or similar environmental and accretion condi tions. Finally, our research investigates the behavior of cyclotron lines in HMXBs, illuminating the accretion process and magnetic field properties to better understand their role as indicators of dynamical evolution.