王扇贝(Pecten maximus)壳的SEM, EBSD和拉曼光谱联合晶体学研究。

IF 3.1 3区 化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL
Lise Guichaoua, Natalie Reznikov, Bryce D Stewart, Roland Kröger, Raynald Gauvin
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引用次数: 0

摘要

Pecten maximus(王扇贝)的外壳主要由多晶钙质碳酸钙组成,具有重要的文石棱柱状肌胚层,有助于软组织附着并有助于机械强度。尽管它很重要,但环境压力因素(如金属污染)对肌原体的影响仍未得到充分研究。因此,本研究的主要目标是利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、电子背散射衍射(EBSD)分析和拉曼光谱相结合的方法,阐明王扇贝壳的微观结构和晶体学,特别是肌乳突区域。选择这种方法是为了开发新的方案,该方案集成了成像技术,用于系统分析污染对贝壳生长和特性的影响。这样的认识对于评估环境污染对壳结构和组成的影响至关重要。我们比较了来自马恩岛附近金属污染地点(Laxey)和未污染地点(Bradda)的样品,以确定使用选定的显微镜和光谱学技术可以检测到哪些结构和晶体学信息。扫描电镜成像显示,两个地点的标本具有相似的肌胚组织,具有细长的定向晶粒。通过电子通道对比和背散射电子检测可以看到,未污染位点的壳具有更规则和细长的晶粒,而污染位点的壳具有更宽的晶粒尺寸分布。EBSD分析证实,这两种类型的文石在肌原体中都表现出良好的结晶,晶粒取向和晶粒尺寸略有不同,共取向表明污染位点外壳的晶体排列略有减少。拉曼图揭示了峰值位置的变化,表明了晶体应变和晶粒尺寸的差异。这些变化可能与旨在使外壳变韧的生物适应有关,但污染可能会破坏这种结晶过程,削弱外壳。这些技术的结合可以促进我们对金属污染引起的微观结构变化的理解,突出其对外壳结构完整性的潜在影响。本研究是一项原理证明研究,展示了不同已建立的成像技术的组合如何为王扇贝肌状体的结构和组成提供互补和新颖的见解。这种系统的方法旨在为研究环境污染物对海洋双壳类贝壳的晶体学和微观结构及其弹性的影响提供新的评价方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Combined crystallographic study of king scallop (Pecten maximus) shells using SEM, EBSD and Raman spectroscopy.

The shells of Pecten maximus (king scallop) are composed primarily of polycrystalline calcitic calcium carbonate, with a crucial aragonitic prismatic myostracum layer that facilitates soft tissue attachment and contributes to mechanical strength. Despite its importance, the impact of environmental stressors, such as metal contamination, on the myostracum remains underexplored. Hence, this study's main goal was to shed light on the microstructure and crystallography of king scallop shells, particularly the myostracum region, using a combination of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis, and Raman spectroscopy. This approach was chosen to develop new protocols that integrate imaging techniques for a systematic analysis of pollution effects on shell growth and properties. Such an understanding is crucial for assessing the impact of environmental contamination on shell structure and composition. We compared samples from a metal contaminated site (Laxey) with those from non-contaminated site (Bradda) around the Isle of Man, to determine which structural and crystallographic information is detectable using the selected microscopy and spectroscopy techniques. SEM imaging showed a similar myostracum organization in specimens from both sites, with elongated, oriented grains. However, the non-contaminated site shell had more regular and elongated grains, while the shell from the contaminated site exhibited a broader grain size distribution, visible via electron channeling contrast and backscattered electron detection. EBSD analysis confirmed that both types exhibited well-crystallized aragonite in the myostracum, with slight differences in grain orientation and grain size with co-orientation indicating a marginal reduction in crystallographic alignment in the contaminated site shell. Raman maps reveal shifts in peak positions, indicating crystallite strain and differences in grain size. These variations may be related to a biological adaptation aimed at toughening the shell, but pollution could disrupt this crystallization process, weakening the shell. The combination of these techniques can advance our understanding of the microstructural alterations caused by metal contamination, highlighting its potential impact on the structural integrity of the shell. This study is a proof of principle study showing how a combination of different established imaging techniques can provide complementary and novel insights into the structure and composition of the king scallop myostracum. This systematic approach aims to develop new evaluation approaches for the study of the effects of environmental pollutants on the crystallography and microstructure of marine bivalve shells and hence their resilience.

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来源期刊
Faraday Discussions
Faraday Discussions 化学-物理化学
自引率
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259
期刊介绍: Discussion summary and research papers from discussion meetings that focus on rapidly developing areas of physical chemistry and its interfaces
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