Sulaf Abd Own, Ioanna Xagoraris, Konstantina Stathopoulou, Björn E Wahlin, Weicheng Ren, Mehran Ghaderi, Qiang Pan-Hammarström, Birgitta Sander, Karin E Smedby, Georgios Rassidakis
{"title":"toll样受体9 (TLR9)表达与细胞来源相关,并预测弥漫性大b细胞淋巴瘤的临床预后","authors":"Sulaf Abd Own, Ioanna Xagoraris, Konstantina Stathopoulou, Björn E Wahlin, Weicheng Ren, Mehran Ghaderi, Qiang Pan-Hammarström, Birgitta Sander, Karin E Smedby, Georgios Rassidakis","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14359-7","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biological insights beyond the cell-of-origin (COO) classification can support clinical management in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We investigated if Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) expression could serve as a prognostic marker in DLBCL.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>TLR9 gene expression was analysed in four publicly available cohorts (n = 2474), and protein expression was investigated in germinal centre B-cell (GCB) and activated B-cell (ABC) DLBCL cell lines. Next, TLR9 protein expression was analysed in 120 diagnostic samples from R-CHOP-treated patients with relapsed/refractory disease (poor outcome, n = 50) or in complete remission (good outcome, n = 70). Associations were evaluated using logistic regression, estimating odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TLR9 gene expression was higher in ABC DLBCL compared to GCB DLBCL in external cohorts, and similar results were obtained for protein expression in cell lines. In patient samples, high TLR9 protein expression correlated with non-GCB type (p = 0.003) and poor outcome (p = 0.0016). High TLR9 expression remained associated with poor outcome in multivariable analysis after adjusting for COO and other clinical features (OR = 3.36, 95% CI 1.41-8.04). In exploratory analyses, a decrease of cell growth in ABC cell lines following inhibition of TLR9 activity with ODN4084-F was suggested.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We conclude that TLR9 correlates with ABC/non-GCB phenotype and is a potential predictor of poor prognosis in DLBCL.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"959"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12117956/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) expression correlates with cell of origin and predicts clinical outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.\",\"authors\":\"Sulaf Abd Own, Ioanna Xagoraris, Konstantina Stathopoulou, Björn E Wahlin, Weicheng Ren, Mehran Ghaderi, Qiang Pan-Hammarström, Birgitta Sander, Karin E Smedby, Georgios Rassidakis\",\"doi\":\"10.1186/s12885-025-14359-7\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biological insights beyond the cell-of-origin (COO) classification can support clinical management in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We investigated if Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) expression could serve as a prognostic marker in DLBCL.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>TLR9 gene expression was analysed in four publicly available cohorts (n = 2474), and protein expression was investigated in germinal centre B-cell (GCB) and activated B-cell (ABC) DLBCL cell lines. Next, TLR9 protein expression was analysed in 120 diagnostic samples from R-CHOP-treated patients with relapsed/refractory disease (poor outcome, n = 50) or in complete remission (good outcome, n = 70). Associations were evaluated using logistic regression, estimating odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TLR9 gene expression was higher in ABC DLBCL compared to GCB DLBCL in external cohorts, and similar results were obtained for protein expression in cell lines. In patient samples, high TLR9 protein expression correlated with non-GCB type (p = 0.003) and poor outcome (p = 0.0016). High TLR9 expression remained associated with poor outcome in multivariable analysis after adjusting for COO and other clinical features (OR = 3.36, 95% CI 1.41-8.04). In exploratory analyses, a decrease of cell growth in ABC cell lines following inhibition of TLR9 activity with ODN4084-F was suggested.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We conclude that TLR9 correlates with ABC/non-GCB phenotype and is a potential predictor of poor prognosis in DLBCL.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":9131,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"BMC Cancer\",\"volume\":\"25 1\",\"pages\":\"959\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-05-28\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12117956/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"BMC Cancer\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-14359-7\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ONCOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"BMC Cancer","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-14359-7","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ONCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) expression correlates with cell of origin and predicts clinical outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
Background: Biological insights beyond the cell-of-origin (COO) classification can support clinical management in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We investigated if Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) expression could serve as a prognostic marker in DLBCL.
Method: TLR9 gene expression was analysed in four publicly available cohorts (n = 2474), and protein expression was investigated in germinal centre B-cell (GCB) and activated B-cell (ABC) DLBCL cell lines. Next, TLR9 protein expression was analysed in 120 diagnostic samples from R-CHOP-treated patients with relapsed/refractory disease (poor outcome, n = 50) or in complete remission (good outcome, n = 70). Associations were evaluated using logistic regression, estimating odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results: TLR9 gene expression was higher in ABC DLBCL compared to GCB DLBCL in external cohorts, and similar results were obtained for protein expression in cell lines. In patient samples, high TLR9 protein expression correlated with non-GCB type (p = 0.003) and poor outcome (p = 0.0016). High TLR9 expression remained associated with poor outcome in multivariable analysis after adjusting for COO and other clinical features (OR = 3.36, 95% CI 1.41-8.04). In exploratory analyses, a decrease of cell growth in ABC cell lines following inhibition of TLR9 activity with ODN4084-F was suggested.
Conclusion: We conclude that TLR9 correlates with ABC/non-GCB phenotype and is a potential predictor of poor prognosis in DLBCL.
期刊介绍:
BMC Cancer is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of cancer research, including the pathophysiology, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of cancers. The journal welcomes submissions concerning molecular and cellular biology, genetics, epidemiology, and clinical trials.