Hybrid methodology for accurate modeling of PV modules' electrical performance by extracting the two-diode model's electrical parameters

This investigation aims to model the electrical behavior of photovoltaic modules by extracting the seven parameters (R_p, R_s, A₁, I₀₁, A₂, I₀₂, and I_ph) of their two-diode circuit model. A novel numerical-analytical hybrid approach is proposed to simplify the complexities caused by the photovoltaic equation’s non-linearity, allowing smooth incorporation into photovoltaic systems for circuit-level modeling. The proposed technique relies solely on PV modules’ characteristic points, eliminating the need for experimental measurements, which enhances its applicability. In the first step of the proposed identification process, the parameters R_s, I_ph, A₁, and A₂, with readily determined initial values, are extracted numerically. Second, the remaining parameters, which are strongly influenced by the module’s characteristics and manufacturing processes, are determined analytically based on the values obtained for the first four parameters. The performance was tested on various modules and benchmarked against well-established modeling techniques. The proposed method demonstrated high effectiveness in PV performance modeling, achieving an RMSE below 0.045 A. for current-voltage characteristics prediction, with results generated in less than 0.12 s. Moreover, the suggested method was also evaluated for the one-diode model and demonstrated high accuracy. The outcomes highlight its suitability for PV designers seeking straightforward modeling techniques and applicability in dynamic scenarios.