基于闪烁体的光子计数探测器的潜力:用蒙特卡罗模拟评价。

Scott S Hsieh, Katsuyuki Taguchi, Marlies C Goorden, Dennis R Schaart
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引用次数: 0

摘要

使用CdTe、CZT或Si作为传感器材料的直接转换光子计数探测器(PCDs)正在研究和制造中。对于诊断性CT的高通量要求来说,基于闪烁体的间接转换PCDs历来被认为太慢。最近研究的闪烁体如PET应用非常快,这激发了我们重新思考这种模式。我们使用蒙特卡罗模拟来评估LaBr3:Ce PCD的潜力。我们比较了CdTe PCD和LaBr3:Ce PCD,假设每种情况下像素密度为9像素/mm2,周围有2D抗散射网格。平场x射线照射了一个1×1 mm2的区域,并计算了不同对比度类型和材料分解情况下的噪声下界。对于没有材料分解的传统成像,LaBr3:Ce PCD的表现不如CdTe,因为需要将像素包裹在反射器中,这降低了几何效率。对于水-骨材料分解,两种PCD的表现与我们对脉冲形状和PCD几何形状的假设相似。对于使用k边显像剂的三种材料分解,由于消除了CdTe中存在的电荷共享,LaBr3:Ce将方差降低了约35%。这些结果激发了基于闪烁体的PCDs作为直接转换PCDs的替代品的进一步探索,特别是在未来的k边缘成像剂中。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The potential of scintillator-based photon counting detectors: evaluation using Monte Carlo simulations.

Direct conversion photon counting detectors (PCDs) using CdTe, CZT, or Si for the sensor material are being investigated and manufactured. Indirect conversion, scintillator-based PCDs have historically thought to be too slow for the high flux requirements of diagnostic CT. Recent scintillators investigated for e.g. PET applications are very fast and inspire us to rethink this paradigm. We evaluate the potential of a LaBr3:Ce PCD using Monte Carlo simulations. We compared a CdTe PCD and a LaBr3:Ce PCD, assuming a pixel density of 9 pixels/mm2 in each case and a surrounding 2D anti-scatter grid. A 1×1 mm2 area was illuminated by flat field X-rays and the lower bound on the noise for varying contrast types and material decomposition scenarios was calculated. For conventional imaging without material decomposition, the LaBr3:Ce PCD performed worse than CdTe because of the need to wrap pixels in reflector, which reduces geometric efficiency. For water-bone material decomposition, the two PCDs performed similarly with our assumptions on pulse shape and PCD geometry. For three-material decomposition with a K-edge imaging agent, LaBr3:Ce reduced variance by about 35% because of the elimination of charge sharing that is present in CdTe. These results motivate further exploration of scintillator-based PCDs as an alternative to direct conversion PCDs, especially with future K-edge imaging agents.

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