珊瑚感受海水化学:珊瑚骨架中的微量元素准确地反映了它们的海水化学、生物和地球化学意义

IF 4.5 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS
Sharon Ram, Jonathan Erez
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引用次数: 0

摘要

将微量元素和微量元素纳入珊瑚骨架以及控制它们的潜在化学和生物过程,对于理解珊瑚生物矿化和准确重建过去的海洋条件具有高度相关性。在本实验研究中,继我们之前的出版物(Ram和Erez, 2021年,2023年)之后,我们通过在四种不同钙浓度(~ 10、15、20和25 mM)的海水中培养九种两性珊瑚物种,确定了六种阳离子(Li、Na、Mg、K、Sr和Ba)在珊瑚骨骼中的分配。骨骼中的阳离子与钙的比例与海水中的比例呈线性相关,揭示了一致的和物种特有的分配系数(DCoral)。与我们之前的工作一致,我们发现Li, Mg, Na和K的分配系数明显小于1,但高于无机值(DInorg),而Sr和Ba, DCoral的分配系数大于1,但低于DInorg值。此外,DCoral为带有DEl <;1 .物种间存在显著的系统顺序,A. lamarchki的DCoral值最高,对应于其最高的钙化率,而P. damicornis的DCoral值最低,对应于其最低的钙化率。具有DEl和gt的元素则呈现相反的系统趋势;1. 我们将这些元素分配和钙化率之间的系统关系归因于物种特有的生理控制,表明骨架从半封闭的海水水库中沉淀。由细胞外钙化液组成的改性海水对所有测量的微量元素和微量元素进行瑞利蒸馏。钙的利用水平(1-f)和钙化液与外界海水的隔离程度,控制着钙化的效率和速率。考虑到在所有Ca处理(所有元素和所有珊瑚物种)中观察到的一致的DCoral值,我们得出结论,对分配系数的动力学影响不太可能。与DInorg值的偏差(所谓的“生命效应”)是由钙化过程的生理学决定的,主要涉及珊瑚中众所周知的ECF的pH和DIC升高。此外,本研究为利用化石珊瑚中的多元素代用物来重建过去的海洋化学和气候变化提供了坚实的基础,这些海洋化学和气候变化可以追溯到中生代。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Corals feel the water chemistry: trace elements in coral skeletons reflect accurately their seawater chemistry, biological and geochemical implications
The incorporation of trace and minor elements into coral skeletons and the underlying chemical and biological processes that govern them, are highly relevant for understanding coral biomineralization and for accurate reconstructions of past ocean conditions. In the present experimental study, that follows our previous publications (Ram and Erez, 2021, 2023), we determined the partition of six cations (Li, Na, Mg, K, Sr and Ba) into corals skeletons by culturing nine hermatypic coral species in seawater with four different calcium concentrations (∼ 10,15, 20 and 25 mM). The cation to Ca ratios in the skeletons correlated linearly with their ratios in seawater, revealing consistent and species-specific partition coefficients (DCoral). Consistent with our previous work, we find that the partition coefficients for Li, Mg, Na, and K were significantly lower than one but higher than the inorganic values (DInorg), while for Sr and Ba, DCoral were higher than one but lower than DInorg values. In addition, DCoral for the elements with DEl < 1, showed significant inter-species systematic order, with the highest DCoral for A. lamarcki, corresponding to its highest calcification rates, whereas P. damicornis showed the lowest DCoral values, consistent with its lowest calcification rates. The opposite systematic trend was observed for the elements with DEl > 1. We attribute these systematic relationships between elemental partitioning and calcification rates to species-specific physiological control, indicating precipitation of the skeleton from a semi-closed seawater reservoir. The modified seawater that comprises this extracellular calcifying fluid follows Rayleigh distillation with respect to all the measured trace and minor elements. The level of Ca utilization (1-f) and the degree of isolation of the calcifying fluid from external seawater, control the efficiency and rate of the calcification. Given the consistent DCoral values observed across all Ca treatments (for all elements and all coral species) we conclude that kinetic effects on the partition coefficients were unlikely. The deviations from DInorg values (the so-called “vital effect”) are governed by the physiology of the calcification process, involving mainly pH and DIC elevation in the ECF that is well known for corals. In addition, the present study provides a strong basis for utilizing multi-elemental proxies in fossil corals for reconstructing past ocean chemistry and climate changes during the Cenozoic era and possibly beyond, well into the Mesozoic.
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来源期刊
Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
9.60
自引率
14.00%
发文量
437
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta publishes research papers in a wide range of subjects in terrestrial geochemistry, meteoritics, and planetary geochemistry. The scope of the journal includes: 1). Physical chemistry of gases, aqueous solutions, glasses, and crystalline solids 2). Igneous and metamorphic petrology 3). Chemical processes in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and lithosphere of the Earth 4). Organic geochemistry 5). Isotope geochemistry 6). Meteoritics and meteorite impacts 7). Lunar science; and 8). Planetary geochemistry.
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