{"title":"棕榈酰化通过伴侣蛋白介导的自噬抑制猪流行性腹泻病毒刺突蛋白的降解,促进病毒增殖,从而增强其稳定性。","authors":"Qisheng Qian, Shuang-Shuang Zhao, Lei Yang, Guangxu Xing, Yumei Chen, Chao Liang, Haili Wang, Rui Li, Songlin Qiao, Aiping Wang, Gaiping Zhang","doi":"10.1128/jvi.00347-25","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a highly pathogenic and infectious intestinal disease caused by the PED virus (PEDV) and has inflicted substantial economic losses on the global swine industry. Therefore, it is imperative to explore appropriate targets to restrain PEDV infection. PEDV spike (S) protein is crucial for viral infection and is regarded as an ideal target for the development of vaccines and antiviral therapeutics. Palmitoylation is a significant post-translational modification implicated in multiple viral replication cycles. Despite the fact that palmitoylation of certain coronavirus S proteins has been reported, the specific biological significance and underlying molecular mechanisms of PEDV S protein palmitoylation have not been fully defined. In the present study, we uncover that palmitoylation enhances the stability of PEDV S protein to promote viral proliferation. Mechanistically, we identify that a cysteine-rich region within the cytoplasmic tail of PEDV S protein is palmitoylated by the zinc finger Asp-His-His-Cys domain palmitoyltransferase 5 (ZDHHC5). We further illustrate that palmitoylation prevents the recognition of Lys-Phe-Glu-Arg-Gln (KFERQ)-like motif in PEDV S protein by heat shock cognate protein of 70 kDa (HSC70), thereby antagonizing its degradation via chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). Collectively, our findings underscore the importance of palmitoylation for PEDV pathogenesis and provide prospective targets for the development of antiviral interventions.IMPORTANCEPEDV poses a serious threat to pig farming worldwide. As a consequence, a comprehensive investigation of PEDV pathogenesis is of great significance for the prevention and control of the virus. Here, we verify that ZDHHC5-mediated palmitoylation of PEDV S protein enhances its stability through impeding recognition by HSC70 and antagonizing degradation via CMA to facilitate viral propagation. Our findings highlight the important role of palmitoylation in PEDV proliferation and support palmitoylation as a promising target for the development of antiviral strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":17583,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virology","volume":" ","pages":"e0034725"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12172468/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Palmitoylation enhances the stability of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus spike protein by antagonizing its degradation via chaperone-mediated autophagy to facilitate viral proliferation.\",\"authors\":\"Qisheng Qian, Shuang-Shuang Zhao, Lei Yang, Guangxu Xing, Yumei Chen, Chao Liang, Haili Wang, Rui Li, Songlin Qiao, Aiping Wang, Gaiping Zhang\",\"doi\":\"10.1128/jvi.00347-25\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a highly pathogenic and infectious intestinal disease caused by the PED virus (PEDV) and has inflicted substantial economic losses on the global swine industry. Therefore, it is imperative to explore appropriate targets to restrain PEDV infection. PEDV spike (S) protein is crucial for viral infection and is regarded as an ideal target for the development of vaccines and antiviral therapeutics. Palmitoylation is a significant post-translational modification implicated in multiple viral replication cycles. Despite the fact that palmitoylation of certain coronavirus S proteins has been reported, the specific biological significance and underlying molecular mechanisms of PEDV S protein palmitoylation have not been fully defined. In the present study, we uncover that palmitoylation enhances the stability of PEDV S protein to promote viral proliferation. Mechanistically, we identify that a cysteine-rich region within the cytoplasmic tail of PEDV S protein is palmitoylated by the zinc finger Asp-His-His-Cys domain palmitoyltransferase 5 (ZDHHC5). We further illustrate that palmitoylation prevents the recognition of Lys-Phe-Glu-Arg-Gln (KFERQ)-like motif in PEDV S protein by heat shock cognate protein of 70 kDa (HSC70), thereby antagonizing its degradation via chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). Collectively, our findings underscore the importance of palmitoylation for PEDV pathogenesis and provide prospective targets for the development of antiviral interventions.IMPORTANCEPEDV poses a serious threat to pig farming worldwide. As a consequence, a comprehensive investigation of PEDV pathogenesis is of great significance for the prevention and control of the virus. Here, we verify that ZDHHC5-mediated palmitoylation of PEDV S protein enhances its stability through impeding recognition by HSC70 and antagonizing degradation via CMA to facilitate viral propagation. Our findings highlight the important role of palmitoylation in PEDV proliferation and support palmitoylation as a promising target for the development of antiviral strategies.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":17583,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Virology\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"e0034725\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-06-17\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12172468/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Virology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00347-25\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/5/22 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"VIROLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Virology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00347-25","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/5/22 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"VIROLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Palmitoylation enhances the stability of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus spike protein by antagonizing its degradation via chaperone-mediated autophagy to facilitate viral proliferation.
Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a highly pathogenic and infectious intestinal disease caused by the PED virus (PEDV) and has inflicted substantial economic losses on the global swine industry. Therefore, it is imperative to explore appropriate targets to restrain PEDV infection. PEDV spike (S) protein is crucial for viral infection and is regarded as an ideal target for the development of vaccines and antiviral therapeutics. Palmitoylation is a significant post-translational modification implicated in multiple viral replication cycles. Despite the fact that palmitoylation of certain coronavirus S proteins has been reported, the specific biological significance and underlying molecular mechanisms of PEDV S protein palmitoylation have not been fully defined. In the present study, we uncover that palmitoylation enhances the stability of PEDV S protein to promote viral proliferation. Mechanistically, we identify that a cysteine-rich region within the cytoplasmic tail of PEDV S protein is palmitoylated by the zinc finger Asp-His-His-Cys domain palmitoyltransferase 5 (ZDHHC5). We further illustrate that palmitoylation prevents the recognition of Lys-Phe-Glu-Arg-Gln (KFERQ)-like motif in PEDV S protein by heat shock cognate protein of 70 kDa (HSC70), thereby antagonizing its degradation via chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). Collectively, our findings underscore the importance of palmitoylation for PEDV pathogenesis and provide prospective targets for the development of antiviral interventions.IMPORTANCEPEDV poses a serious threat to pig farming worldwide. As a consequence, a comprehensive investigation of PEDV pathogenesis is of great significance for the prevention and control of the virus. Here, we verify that ZDHHC5-mediated palmitoylation of PEDV S protein enhances its stability through impeding recognition by HSC70 and antagonizing degradation via CMA to facilitate viral propagation. Our findings highlight the important role of palmitoylation in PEDV proliferation and support palmitoylation as a promising target for the development of antiviral strategies.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Virology (JVI) explores the nature of the viruses of animals, archaea, bacteria, fungi, plants, and protozoa. We welcome papers on virion structure and assembly, viral genome replication and regulation of gene expression, genetic diversity and evolution, virus-cell interactions, cellular responses to infection, transformation and oncogenesis, gene delivery, viral pathogenesis and immunity, and vaccines and antiviral agents.